Measurements of Particle Residence Time Distributions in A Co-Current Spray Dryer

Kieviet, FG Frank; Kerkhof, Pjam Piet

doi:10.1080/07373939508917019

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…As was shown before, this led to longer residence times. Particle residence times measured in this study are in the same range as residence times reported in literature (Gianfrancesco 2009;Jeantet et al 2008;Kieviet and Kerkhof 1995). In accordance with our observations, all of these authors noticed that mean particle residence time is longer than the mean residence time of air.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Gianfrancesco (2009) measured median particle residence times of 2-3 min in a pilot-scale spray dryer equipped with a rotary atomizer. Kieviet and Kerkhof (1995) obtained a median residence time of τ 50 =58.5 s for a co-current pilot-scale spray dryer with a pressure nozzle. Jeantet et al (2008) determined mean particle residence times of 9-12 min for a pilot-scale spray dryer with a pressure nozzle as atomization device, a fines return system, and an internal fluid bed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of the spray drying conditions and residence time distribution on lysine loss in spray dried infant formula

Schmitz-Schug

Foerst

Kulozik

2013

Dairy Sci. & Technol.

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The essential amino acid lysine plays an important role for the nutritional quality of infant formula. Unfortunately, it is easily damaged during spray drying which is usually used to produce infant formula powders. In this study, we showed that the extent of lysine loss can be controlled by adjusting the air inlet temperature and the air-to-liquid ratio. Depending on the spray drying conditions, 10.4±2.9% lysine loss down to no lysine loss was determined after spray drying in laboratory scale and in pilot scale. A main impact on lysine loss could be attributed to the particle residence time which was shown to be longer for the short-form, pilot-scale spray dryer than for the tall-form, laboratory-scale spray dryer. Median particle residence time was 6 s in the laboratory scale dryer and 17 s in the pilot scale dryer. The air-to-liquid ratio of the spray dryer proved to be a good parameter to compare different types of spray dryers. The extent of lysine loss during storage of the spray dried powders was independent of the extent of lysine loss during spray drying. Lysine loss during storage can be reduced by low storage temperatures and low water contents of the powder. Coupling kinetics of lysine loss that take into account the physical state of lactose, i.e., glassy, rubbery, or crystalline, with the processing conditions and particle residence time during spray drying was shown to be a promising tool to improve the nutritional quality of spray dried infant formula.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the spray drying conditions and residence time distribution on lysine loss in spray dried infant formula

Schmitz-Schug

Foerst

Kulozik

2013

Dairy Sci. & Technol.

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“…These values were less than those reported by Tacon & Freitas (2007), from 12.2 to 17.7 min in drying of the pastes in conventional spouted bed dryers. However, are higher than those reported in spray dryers (Kieviet & Kerkhof, 1995;Caparino et al, 2012). Dn the other hand, these results demonstrate that applying the spouted bed may have beneficial effects on the stability of carotenoids and other macromolecules from the residue, such as proteins and fatty acids by combination of the moderate temperature with reduced drying times.…”

Section: Drying Operationmentioning

confidence: 52%

Drying and extraction of astaxanthin from pink shrimp waste (Farfantepenaeus subtilis): the applicability of spouted beds

et al. 2018

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On this study, the spouted bed drying technique was used to obtain powder from shrimp wastes, with high quality for subsequent extraction of astaxanthin using vegetable oil, as alternative to organic solvents. Shrimp waste paste was dried in three inlet air temperatures (70, 80 and 90 °C), and air velocity used in the experiments was 100% over minimum spouting velocity. The minimum spouting, the velocities were 1.23, 1.33 and 1.39 m/s, for temperatures of 90, 100 and 110 °C respectively. The powder obtained in this work shows properties comparable to of the commercial products, indicating that the spouted bed is an alternative technique to obtain powdered products with quality good, at low cost and suitable for subsequent extraction of astaxanthin. The extractions of astaxanthin from shrimp waste were performed using palm olein at three different temperatures (50, 60, and 70 °C). At these conditions, maximum extraction of astaxanthin was 29.814µg/g of dried waste. The extraction kinetics were modeled using a simplified mass transfer kinetic model which showed a good agreement (0.9685

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“…Mazza et al [20] and Kieviet and Kerkhof [21] experimentally showed the residence time distributions of radio-traced droplets in a pilot-scale spray dryer equipped with a rotary atomizer or pressure nozzles. A comparatively broad residence time distribution of the particles was found in their experiments.…”

Section: Surface Roughnessmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spray Drying of Mannitol as a Drug Carrier—The Impact of Process Parameters on Product Properties

et al. 2012

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Powders intended for the use in dry powder inhalers have to fulfill specific product properties, which must be closely controlled in order to ensure reproducible and efficient dosing. Spray drying is an ideal technique for the preparation of such powders for several reasons. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of spray-drying process parameters on relevant product properties, namely, surface topography, size, breaking strength, and polymorphism of mannitol carrier particles intended for the use in dry powder inhalers. In order to address this question, a full-factorial design with four factors at two levels was used. The four factors were feed concentration (10 and 20% [w/w]), gas heater temperature (170 and 190 C), feed rate (10 and 20 L/h), and atomizer rotation speed (6,300 and 8,100 rpm). The liquid spray was carefully analyzed to better understand the dependence of the particle size of the final product on the former droplet size. High gas heater temperatures and low feed rates, corresponding to high outlet temperatures of the dryer (96-98 C), led to smoother particles with surfaces consisting of smaller crystals compared to those achieved at low outlet temperatures (74-75 C), due to lower gas heater temperatures and higher feed rates. A high solution concentration of the feed also resulted in the formation of comparably rougher surfaces than a low feed concentration. Spray-dried particles showed a volumeweighted mean particle size of 71.4-90.0 lm and narrow particle size distributions. The mean particle size was influenced by the atomizer rotation speed and feed concentration. Higher rotation speeds and lower feed concentrations resulted in smaller particles. Breaking strength of the dried particles was significantly influenced by gas heater temperature and feed rate. High gas heater temperatures increased the breaking strength, whereas high feed rates decreased it. No influence of the process parameters on the polymorphism was observed. All products were crystalline, consisting of at least 96.9% of mannitol crystal modification I.

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Measurements of Particle Residence Time Distributions in A Co-Current Spray Dryer

Cited by 35 publications

References 3 publications

Impact of the spray drying conditions and residence time distribution on lysine loss in spray dried infant formula

Impact of the spray drying conditions and residence time distribution on lysine loss in spray dried infant formula

Drying and extraction of astaxanthin from pink shrimp waste (Farfantepenaeus subtilis): the applicability of spouted beds

Spray Drying of Mannitol as a Drug Carrier—The Impact of Process Parameters on Product Properties

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