Measurements of Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter at Belgrade Tunnel; Comparison of BPEAnit, DTT and DCFH Assays

Jovanović, M.; Savić, Jasmina; Salimi, Farhad; Stevanović, Svetlana; Brown, Reece; Jovašević-Stojanović, Milena; Manojlović, Dragan; Bartoňová, Alena; Bottle, Steven E.; Ristovski, Zoran

doi:10.3390/ijerph16244906

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…9 , while DCFH macrophage indicated a slight increase (by ~14%) in PM 2.5 oxidative potential from FL to PL2 phase, the DTT assay showed comparable PM 2.5 toxicity between the mentioned periods. This observation can be ascribed to the distinct characteristics of DCFH-DA and DTT probes, which demonstrate different levels of sensitivity to toxic PM species ( Jovanovic et al, 2019 ; Sauvain et al, 2013 ). Therefore, the mentioned discrepancies are within the experimental uncertainties in quantifying PM oxidative potential via various assays.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of stay-home policies during Coronavirus-19 pandemic on the chemical and toxicological characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy

Altuwayjiri

Soleimanian

Moroni

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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The goal of this study was to characterize changes in components and toxicological properties of PM 2.5 during the nationwide 2019-Coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown restrictions in Milan, Italy. Time-integrated PM 2.5 filters were collected at a residential site in Milan metropolitan area from April 11th to June 3rd at 2020, encompassing full-lockdown (FL), the followed partial-lockdown (PL2), and full-relaxation (FR) periods of COVID-19 restrictions. The collected filters were analyzed for elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), individual organic species (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and levoglucosan), and metals. According to online data, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and benzene (C 6 H 6 ) levels significantly decreased during the entire COVID-19 period compared to the same time span in 2019, mainly due to the government-backed shutdowns and curtailed road traffic. Similarly, with a few exceptions, surrogates of tailpipe emissions (e.g., traffic-associated PAHs) as well as re-suspended road dust (e.g., Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, and Ti) were relatively lower during FL and PL2 periods in comparison with year 2019, whereas an increasing trend in mass concentration of mentioned species was observed from FL to PL2 and FR phases due to the gradual lifting of lockdown restrictions. In contrast, comparable concentrations of ambient PM 2.5 and black carbon (BC) between lockdown period and the same time span in 2019 were attributed to the interplay between decreased road traffic and elevated domestic biomass burning as a result of adopted stay-home strategies. Finally, the curtailed road traffic during FL and PL2 periods led to ~25% drop in the PM 2.5 oxidative potential (measured via 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) and dithiothreitol (DTT) assays) with respect to the FR period as well as the same time span in 2019. The results of this study provide insights into the changes in components and oxidative potential of PM 2.5 in the absence of road traffic during COVID-19 restrictions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of stay-home policies during Coronavirus-19 pandemic on the chemical and toxicological characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy

Altuwayjiri

Soleimanian

Moroni

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…However, it is also of high concern to improve the understanding of the PM sources in relation to such health impacts. Indeed, oxidative stress is now well recognized as one of the main biological mechanisms considered to be contributing to these detrimental impacts from air pollution exposure through the capability of PM to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the lung, which leads to proinflammatory responses that can ultimately result in apoptosis (Ayres et al, 2008;Baulig et al, 2003;Dhalla et al, 2000;Donaldson et al, 2001;Jin et al, 2018;Kelly, 2003;Mudway et al, 2020;Nel, 2005;Piao et al, 2018). The oxidative potential (OP) of PM, defined as the capability of PM to generate ROS/deplete anti-oxidants, makes an interesting complement to regulated metrics of ambient PM exposure (Bates et al, 2019;Guo et al, 2020;Gurgueira et al, 2002;Park et al, 2018;Shiraiwa et al, 2017;Valavanidis et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>) origins and oxidative potential at a city scale (Grenoble, France) – Part 2: Sources of PM<sub>10</sub> oxidative potential using multiple linear regression analysis and the predictive applicability of multilayer perceptron neural network analysis

et al. 2021

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Abstract. The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) measures PM capability to potentially cause anti-oxidant imbalance. Due to the wide range and complex mixture of species in particulates, little is known about the pollution sources most strongly contributing to OP. A 1-year sampling of PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter below 10) was performed over different sites in a medium-sized city (Grenoble, France). An enhanced fine-scale apportionment of PM10 sources, based on the chemical composition, was performed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method and reported in a companion paper (Borlaza et al., 2020). OP was assessed as the ability of PM10 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) using three different acellular assays: dithiothreitol (DTT), ascorbic acid (AA), and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) assays. Using multiple linear regression (MLR), the OP contributions of the sources identified by PMF were estimated. Conversely, since atmospheric processes are usually non-linear in nature, artificial neural network (ANN) techniques, which employ non-linear models, could further improve estimates. Hence, the multilayer perceptron analysis (MLP), an ANN-based model, was additionally used to model OP based on PMF-resolved sources as well. This study presents the spatiotemporal variabilities of OP activity with influences by season-specific sources, site typology and specific local features, and assay sensitivity. Overall, both MLR and MLP effectively captured the evolution of OP. The primary traffic and biomass burning sources were the strongest drivers of OP in the Grenoble basin. There is also a clear redistribution of source-specific impacts when using OP instead of mass concentration, underlining the importance of PM redox activity for the identification of potential sources of PM toxicity. Finally, the MLP generally offered improvements in OP prediction, especially for sites where synergistic and/or antagonistic effects between sources are prominent, supporting the value of using ANN-based models to account for the non-linear dynamics behind the atmospheric processes affecting OP of PM10.

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“…DCF-based assay is probably the most commonly used test for detecting intracellular ROS and oxidative stress (Aranda et al, 2013;Jovanovic et al, 2019). The cell-permeable DCF diffuses into the cells and in the presence of ROS, rapidly oxidizes to 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dichlorofluorescein, which is highly fluorescent and works as a marker for intracellular ROS.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The (Jovanovic et al, 2019). Details of the two ROS test methodology are provided in the Supplementary Materials.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro toxicity of fibrous glaucophane

et al. 2021

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The health hazard represented by the exposure to asbestos may also concern other minerals with asbestos-like crystal habit. One of these potentially hazardous minerals is fibrous glaucophane. Fibrous glaucophane is a major component of blueschist rocks of California (USA) currently mined for construction purposes. Dust generated by the excavation activities might potentially expose workers and the general public. The aim of this study was to determine whether fibrous glaucophane induces in vitro toxicity effects on lung cells by assessing the biological responses of cultured human pleural mesothelial cells (Met-5A) and THP-1 derived macrophages exposed for 24 h and 48 h to glaucophane fibres. Crocidolite asbestos was tested for comparison. The experimental configuration of the in vitro tests included a cell culture without fibres (i.e., control), cell cultures treated with 50 μg/mL (i.e., 15.6 μg/cm 2 ) of crocidolite fibres and 25-50− 100 μg/mL (i.e., 7.8− 15.6-31.2 μg/cm 2 ) of glaucophane fibres. Results showed that fibrous glaucophane may induce a decrease in cell viability and an increase in extra-cellular lactate dehydrogenase release in the tested cell cultures in a concentration dependent mode. Moreover, it was found that fibrous glaucophane has a potency to cause oxidative stress. The biological reactivity of fibrous glaucophane confirms that it is a toxic agent and, although it apparently induces lower toxic effects compared to crocidolite, exposure to this fibre may be responsible for the development of lung diseases in exposed unprotected workers and population.

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Measurements of Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter at Belgrade Tunnel; Comparison of BPEAnit, DTT and DCFH Assays

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

The impact of stay-home policies during Coronavirus-19 pandemic on the chemical and toxicological characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy

The impact of stay-home policies during Coronavirus-19 pandemic on the chemical and toxicological characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy

In vitro toxicity of fibrous glaucophane

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