Measurements of milli-Newton surface tension forces with tilted fiber Bragg gratings

Shen, Changyu; Zhong, Chuan Jian; Liu, Dejun; Lian, Xiaokang; Zheng, Jian-Yao; Wang, Jing Jing; Semenova, Yuliya; Farrell, Gerald; Albert, Jacques; Donegan, John F.

doi:10.1364/ol.43.000255

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, a variety of fiber-optic force sensors have been reported during the past few years. In 2018, Shen et al 16 demonstrated a single-mode-fiber force sensor based on a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) for tension measuring of liquids, and this sensor achieved milli-Newton-level forces. In 2020, Donlagic et al reported a thin silica diaphragm created at the optical fiber tip, forming a sealed Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) and achieved a force resolution of ~0.6 µN and a measurement range of ~0.6 mN 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-tip polymer clamped-beam probe for high-sensitivity nanoforce measurements

et al. 2021

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Micromanipulation and biological, material science, and medical applications often require to control or measure the forces asserted on small objects. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the microprinting of a novel fiber-tip-polymer clamped-beam probe micro-force sensor for the examination of biological samples. The proposed sensor consists of two bases, a clamped beam, and a force-sensing probe, which were developed using a femtosecond-laser-induced two-photon polymerization (TPP) technique. Based on the finite element method (FEM), the static performance of the structure was simulated to provide the basis for the structural design. A miniature all-fiber micro-force sensor of this type exhibited an ultrahigh force sensitivity of 1.51 nm μN−1, a detection limit of 54.9 nN, and an unambiguous sensor measurement range of ~2.9 mN. The Young’s modulus of polydimethylsiloxane, a butterfly feeler, and human hair were successfully measured with the proposed sensor. To the best of our knowledge, this fiber sensor has the smallest force-detection limit in direct contact mode reported to date, comparable to that of an atomic force microscope (AFM). This approach opens new avenues towards the realization of small-footprint AFMs that could be easily adapted for use in outside specialized laboratories. As such, we believe that this device will be beneficial for high-precision biomedical and material science examination, and the proposed fabrication method provides a new route for the next generation of research on complex fiber-integrated polymer devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-tip polymer clamped-beam probe for high-sensitivity nanoforce measurements

et al. 2021

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“…For example, Zhou et al [14] and Márquez-Cruz et al [15] have measured the dynamic and the static CA, respectively, using a fiber probe when it was (vertically) immersed in the test liquid. Shen et al [16], and Liu et al [17] have described an alternative technique where a tilted fiber Bragg grating was immersed horizontally into the liquid. In that approach, the length of the liquid film was set to be 18 mm so that the fiber was completely wet, allowing the detection of the variation in signal when the fiber was in air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of the Critical Meniscus of Very Low Liquid Volumes Using an Optical Fiber Sensor

et al. 2020

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A novel sensing system based on single mode optical fiber in reflective configuration has been developed to measure the critical meniscus height (CMH) of low volumes of liquids, which is then used to calculate the contact angle. The sensing system has been designed especially for very low volumes of liquids (e.g. bioliquids) and the work has demonstrated that measurements are possible with a minimum liquid volume of 5 µL. The sensing system is based on monitoring the spectral variation induced by the difference in the refractive index regions surrounding the fiber tip, at the air-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces. From the experiments performed in water, (by immersing and extracting the fiber sensor in the liquid sample), it can be concluded that the CMH forming on the fiber decreases as the temperature increases. The change of temperature (in this experiment from 22 to 60 ℃) does not influence the CMH of the sample used in the evaluation (P3 mineral oil), giving an indication of its thermal stability. In addition, a fixed fiber was used to measure the variation in the liquid level when another fiber is immersed in the liquid. The error in the liquid level obtained in the work was small, at 0.34 ± 0.04 %. Such a sensor, allowing accurate measurements with very small quantities is especially useful where liquid sample volumes are limited e.g. biologically sourced liquids or specialized, expensive industrial material in the liquid phase.

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“…Optical fibers, which are compact, flexible, and resistant to electromagnetic interference, have become an all-optical platform for sensor miniaturization and integration [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, there have been no known reports on the measurements of adhesion force that uses all-fiber microforce sensor, probably because the typical adhesion force values are on the micro- or even nanonewton level, which is too small to be detected when using fiber-optic force sensors composed of silica (Young’s modulus > 70 GPa) [ 29 ]. A common way to improve the sensitivity and force resolution of fiber optical microforce sensor is to reduce the diameter of fiber, such as making microfiber Bragg grating [ 16 ] or short sections of tapered microfibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Interfacial Adhesion Force with a 3D-Printed Fiber-Tip Microforce Sensor

et al. 2022

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With the current trend of device miniaturization, the measurement and control of interfacial adhesion forces are increasingly important in fields such as biomechanics and cell biology. However, conventional fiber optic force sensors with high Young’s modulus (>70 GPa) are usually unable to measure adhesion forces on the micro- or nano-Newton level on the surface of micro/nanoscale structures. Here, we demonstrate a method for interfacial adhesion force measurement in micro/nanoscale structures using a fiber-tip microforce sensor (FTMS). The FTMS, with microforce sensitivity of 1.05 nm/μN and force resolution of up to 19 nN, is fabricated using femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization nanolithography to program a clamped-beam probe on the end face of a single-mode fiber. As a typical verification test, the micronewton-level contact and noncontact adhesion forces on the surfaces of hydrogels were measured by FTMS. In addition, the noncontact adhesion of human hair was successfully measured with the sensor.

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Measurements of milli-Newton surface tension forces with tilted fiber Bragg gratings

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Fiber-tip polymer clamped-beam probe for high-sensitivity nanoforce measurements

Fiber-tip polymer clamped-beam probe for high-sensitivity nanoforce measurements

Monitoring of the Critical Meniscus of Very Low Liquid Volumes Using an Optical Fiber Sensor

Measurement of Interfacial Adhesion Force with a 3D-Printed Fiber-Tip Microforce Sensor

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