Measurements of insulin activities in pancreas and serum of mice with spontaneous (?obese? and ?New Zealand obese?) and induced (goldthioglucose) obesity and hyperglycemia, with considerations on the pathogenesis of the spontaneous syndrome

Stauffacher, Werner; Lambert, André; Vecchio, Danièle; Renold, Albert E.

doi:10.1007/bf01222200

Cited by 122 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, the enzyme preparation from livers from 48-week-old obese mice had the same concentration of nonesterified linoleic acid as that from the livers from the lean mice, but twice as high a desaturase activity. The most likely explanation for the increased desaturase activity is the high plasma insulin concentrations found in obese mice (Stauffacher et al, 1967). The decreased desaturase activity observed in the 48-week-old obese mice fits this hypothesis since the plasma insulin concentration is lower in obese mice of this age (Herberg et al, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The enzyme is insulin-dependent since its activity is lower in diabetic animals and can be restored by insulin treatment (Gellhorn & Benjamin, 1964); it can also be increased in normal fed animals by injection of insulin (Inkpen et al, 1969). Obese mice of the ob/ob strain are hyperinsulinaemic (Stauffacher et al, 1967), and this together with the increase in palmitoleic acid indicates that they might have an enhanced fatty acid desaturase activity. Indeed Christophe and his colleagues (Winand et al, 1968(Winand et al, , 1969a(Winand et al, ,b, 1973 have observed an increased conversion of glucose, acetic acid and palmitic acid into palmitoleic acid and oleic Vol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Enser¹

1975

Biochemical Journal

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Stearic acid desaturase activity was assayed in preparations from perigenital adipose tissue and liver from lean and genetically obese female mice (ob/ob). The total activity in the perigenital adipose tissue from obese mice was threefold greater than in the tissue from lean mice, but per g of adipose tissue the activity was twofold greater in tissue from lean mice. In liver, the activity in obese mice was elevated at 8 weeks of age, remained elevated up to 24 weeks and then decreased by half at 48 weeks, but at all ages was higher than that in lean mice. The decrease in desaturase activity of liver from obese mice at 48 weeks corresponded to a change in the fatty acid composition of liver lipids toward that found in lean mice. Whereas in adipose tissue much of the increased enzyme activity may be due to tissue hyperplasia, in liver it is mainly an increased activity per cell.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Enser¹

1975

Biochemical Journal

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“…It should be noted that, in contrast to dbadb mice, the NZO mice represent a model of moderate hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. 17 Plasma insulin levels in this animal model have been reported to be of remarkable variability, 25 which may explain our inability to detect hyperinsulinaemia in the NZO mice used in the present study. Furthermore, we cannot rule out defects in pancreatic b-cell function even at eight weeks of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide-Y in the New Zealand obese mouse

1998

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OBJECTIVE: Increased levels of hypothalamic neuropeptide-Y (NPY) are thought to contribute to the manifestation of the obese phenotype. The aim of this study was to characterize the interactions between leptin, insulin and NPY in the pathogenesis of polygenic obesity. DESIGN AND METHODS: A polygenic obese animal model, the New Zealand obese mouse (NZO) and its age-matched control, was used to assess the hypothalamic mRNA expression of NPY, the insulin receptor (IR) and the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb), by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction. Experiments were performed early (at eight weeks old) and late (at 40 weeks old) in the life of these animals. RESULTS: Serum glucose was signi®cantly elevated in obese mice. Serum insulin levels were not different between obese and lean mice, whereas serum leptin levels were signi®cantly elevated in obese mice and increased continuously during life [reaching extremely high values at 40 weeks (41.5 AE 4.1 vs 3.4 AE 0.25 ngaml for obese and lean, respectively). The hypothalamic expression of NPY mRNA was signi®cantly higher in NZO mice compared to controls at both eight weeks (2.3-fold) and 40 weeks (1.9-fold), respectively, whereas expression of IR and Ob-Rb remained unaffected. CONCLUSION: Increased hypothalamic expression of NPY due to leptin resistance, may be involved in the development of polygenic obesity. Unchanged Ob-Rb expression suggests that either a defective hypothalamic uptake or defects in Ob-Rb signalling underly this process.

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“…Furthermore, the response to insulin again was less in the oblob than in the control muscle. Muscle from 6-wk-old oblob mice, barely obese and with only moderately elevated insulin levels (3,21,22), still exhibited a decreased basal glucose uptake (70%o of the non-ob/ob value) whereas the magnitude of the response to insulin was almost normal (Table VI).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased basal, noninsulin-stimulated glucose uptake and metabolism by skeletal soleus muscle isolated from obese-hyperglycemic (ob/ob) mice.

Cuendet¹,

Loten²,

Jeanrenaud³

et al. 1976

J. Clin. Invest.

163

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Measurements of insulin activities in pancreas and serum of mice with spontaneous (?obese? and ?New Zealand obese?) and induced (goldthioglucose) obesity and hyperglycemia, with considerations on the pathogenesis of the spontaneous syndrome

Cited by 122 publications

References 22 publications

Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Hypothalamic expression of neuropeptide-Y in the New Zealand obese mouse

Decreased basal, noninsulin-stimulated glucose uptake and metabolism by skeletal soleus muscle isolated from obese-hyperglycemic (ob/ob) mice.

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