Measurements of Air Motion in Regions of Clear Air Turbulence using High-power Doppler Radar

Browning, K. A.; Starr, J. R.; Whyman, A. J.

doi:10.1038/239267a0

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Wind measurements deduced from monostatic Doppler radar observations of clear air echoes from turbulent layers have been reported by Dobson (1970) and Browning et al (1972) and for bistatic radar by Atlas et al (1969b) and by Birkemeier et al (1973). These early measurements were obtained for isolated layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…At these frequencies, radar is sensitive to hydrometeors, and these hydrometeors are used as tracers to infer atmospheric motion. Insects and birds also provide natural targets (Crawford, 1949;Lagrone et al, 1964;Browning and Atlas, 1966;Lhermitte, 1966). Chaff is used on occasion to observe the wind in precipitation-free regions, but this technique has limited operational value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Doppler Radar Probing of the Clear Atmosphere

Gage

Balsley

1978

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

179

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In the past few years, sensitive Doppler radars have been used to probe the clear atmosphere from the boundary layer up to stratospheric altitudes. Routine Doppler radar observations are now attainable over a wide range of frequencies at virtually all altitudes in this height range. Although a number of these systems operate at UHF (300-3000 MHz), sensitive Doppler radars have recently been developed that operate at VHF (30-300 MHz). These new systems employ large, inexpensive antennas constructed of phased arrays of dipole elements. This paper surveys recent developments in the use of both VHF and UHF Doppler radars for probing the clear atmosphere and presents design considerations for new radar systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doppler Radar Probing of the Clear Atmosphere

Gage

Balsley

1978

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

179

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“…Hicks, 1969;Dutton and Panofsky, 1970;Browning et al, 1970;Browning, 1971;Browning et al, 1972), instrumented aircraft (e.g. Roach, 1969;Axford, 1970Axford, , 1973P®ster et al, 1986) and patterns in cirrus cloud (e.g.…”

Section: Instability Of Long-period Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-period unstable gravity-waves and associated VHF radar echoes

Worthington

Thomas

1997

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. VHF atmospheric radar is used to measure the wind velocity and radar echo power related to longperiod wind perturbations, including gravity waves, which are observed commonly in the lower stratosphere and tropopause region, and sometimes in the troposphere. These wind structures have been identi®ed previously as either inertia-gravity waves, often associated with jet streams, or mountain waves. At heights of peak wind shear, imbalances are found between the echo powers of a symmetric pair of radar beams, which are expected to be equal. The largest of these power di erences are found for conditions of simultaneous high wind shear and high aspect sensitivity. It is suggested that the e ect might arise from tilted specular re¯ectors or anisotropic turbulent scatterers, a result of, for example, Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities generated by the strong wind shears. This radar power-di erence e ect could o er information about the onset of saturation in long-period waves, and the formation of thin layers of turbulence.

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“…Around 1970, two instrumental advances were made: highly sensitive pulsed Doppler radars [Dobson, 1970;Browning et al, 1972] and high-resolution (although non-Doppler) FM-CW radars [Richter, 1969] became available. Observations with FM,CW radars revealed in detail wave motions in the boundary layer with amplitudes as small as a few meters [Ottersten et al, 1973;Richter et al, 1973a].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of radar observations of the troposphere in clear air conditions

James¹

1980

Radio Science

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It is now 15 years since radars were first used intensively to probe the atmosphere in clear‐air conditions. The first experiments were concerned with the nature of the targets and accounting for the intensity of the measured echoes. It was found that inhomogeneities in the refractive index field were responsible for a large proportion of clear‐air returns. Such returns were detected in characteristic patterns in association with sheared statically stable layers, convective thermals, air mass boundaries, and a variety of wave structures. More sensitive Doppler radars have been developed in recent years which are able to obtain usable signals from all heights in the troposphere. Such radars, as well as providing additional information about the clear‐air patterns observed previously, enable continuous measurements of wind profiles to be made. This paper describes the phenomena which have been observed and the measurements which have been made with radars under clear‐air conditions. A summary is given of the types of targets observed, and the kinds of radars used in clear‐air studies are briefly described.

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Measurements of Air Motion in Regions of Clear Air Turbulence using High-power Doppler Radar

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Doppler Radar Probing of the Clear Atmosphere

Doppler Radar Probing of the Clear Atmosphere

Long-period unstable gravity-waves and associated VHF radar echoes

A review of radar observations of the troposphere in clear air conditions

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