Measurements and modelling of snow interception in the boreal forest

Evolution of the Snow Area Index of the Subarctic Snowpack in Central Alaska over a Whole Season. Consequences for the Air to Snow Transfer of Pollutants

“…This kind of open forest landscape is reasonably representative of Fairbanks surroundings, and the observed stratigraphy corresponds well to what Sturm et al (17) called a taiga snowpack, with the stratigraphic sequence close to that described in Sturm and Benson (18). In forested areas, however, snow accumulation and SAI are smaller, because up to 40% of precipitation is lost to interception by the canopy and subsequent sublimation (26). Other causes of spatial variations include wind that transports snow (27), but this is not a strong actor in the taiga, and synoptic variations in weather (27).…”

Modified snow algorithms in the Canadian land surface scheme: Model runs and sensitivity analysis at three boreal forest stands

“…For T a ≤ 0°C, C3.1 uses a variation with air temperature (Fig. 2b) developed by Hedstrom and Pomeroy (1998) from the data of Schmidt and Gluns (1991) and the US Army Corps of Engineers (1956), where ρ s,f = 67.92 + 51.25e T a /2.59 . For T a > 0°C a different variation with temperature is used with ρ s,f = min(200, 119.2 + 20T a ).…”

“…I * s and I * w (the interception capacity for water) are set to 0.2 mm of water equivalent per unit of L. Studies have shown that for conifers, this underestimates I * s by an order of magnitude (Calder, 1990;Lundberg and Halldin, 1994;Nakai, 1996;Lundberg et al, 1998;Pomeroy et al, 1998b). Hedstrom and Pomeroy (1998) estimated intercepted snow load (I s ) weekly using snow gauges located below the canopy and in a clearing, snow surveys, and by weighing jack pine and black spruce trees suspended in their respective canopies. They applied an expression for I * s following Schmidt and Gluns (1991),…”

Influence of changed vegetations fields on regional climate simulations in the Barents Sea Region

“…If the vegetation changes from non-forest/bare-soil to forest, the albedo decreases and the new, taller vegetation is not or only partly covered by snow (Strack et al 2004). Here, wind has an influence and should be accounted for (Hedstrom and Pomeroy 1998). Since the snow is only partly masking the vegetation, the large difference in albedo between forest and snow leads to a warming of the land surface and near surface atmosphere.…”