Measurements and modeling of liquid-liquid equilibrium of Propane + n-Butane + Bitumen system

Yamchi, Hassan Sadeghi; Zirrahi, Mohsen; Abedi, Jalal

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120353

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The molecular weight of the asphaltene monomer was determined using the vapor pressure osmometer (VPO) and applying the self-association model; , it was estimated to be equal to 1637.7 g/mol (Figure S1 and Table S1 in the Supporting Information). By applying the Ward–Tordai short-term equation and estimating the diffusion coefficients, it is found that only the monomer of asphaltenes participates in the adsorption process and the nanoaggregates do not contribute to this process as they have a lower diffusivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Mohammadi

Zirrahi

2020

Energy Fuels

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The dynamic pendant drop method was employed to better understand the adsorption kinetics at the oil/water interface. Various volume ratios of n-heptane/toluene (heptol) have been chosen as solvents to represent the model of crude oil systems. The results show that an increase in the asphaltene concentration reduces the interfacial tension and this reduction is much more pronounced at higher fractions of n-heptane. The Ward–Tordai short-time model was used to estimate the diffusion coefficient of asphaltenes for dilute solutions of asphaltenes in heptol (up to 0.01 wt %). The results show that the asphaltene adsorbed as monomers onto the interface and the bulk nanoaggregates do not contribute to the adsorption process. Furthermore, the results reveal that the asphaltene diffusion coefficient decreases with increasing its concentration and decreasing solvent aliphaticity. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to study the asphaltene behavior at the oil/water interface and to predict the parameters of adsorption kinetics. It was shown that asphaltenes were adsorbed as monomers onto the interface. The results show that at higher n-heptane fractions, more asphaltene molecules are adsorbed onto the interface. A higher concentration of n-heptane in solvent results in faster and more asphaltene adsorption on the oil/water interface leading to lower interfacial tension and thus promotes emulsification. These findings improve our understanding of adsorption kinetics of asphaltenes at the oil/water interface and find applications in oil/water separation and solvent-aided recovery of heavy oil and bitumen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Mohammadi

Zirrahi

2020

Energy Fuels

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“…The first pseudocomponent (PC1) is the saturates-rich component, and the second pseudo-component (PC2) is asphaltene-rich and has self-association with other PC2 and cross-association with PC1. 28−30 This bitumen characterization approach was considered in the previously reported works, 13,22,29 and the results were promising. The properties of the studied systems are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…a NA: The temperature was above the higher limit of temperature range of the densitometer. Standard uncertainties u are u(T) = 0.228 K, u(P) = 0.003 MPa, and the relative expanded uncertainties (Ur) are Ur(ρ) = 0.26 kg/m 3 , Ur(μ) = 9.067 mPa s at the range 353.8−402.57 K, Ur(μ) = 0.929 mPa s at the range 402.57−452.29 K, and Ur(μ) = 0.166 mPa s at the range 452 29…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data of C₁/Bitumen, CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/Diluent/Bitumen, and C₁/CO₂/Diluent/Bitumen Systems

Bamzad

Abdi

BinDahbag

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Solvent-assisted heavy oil recovery methods have gained significance in recent years. The injected solvents can be of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon chemicals or a mixture of both. The addition of a diluent, as a mixture of light and intermediate hydrocarbons, to bitumen has a significant effect on reducing the viscosity and density of bitumen. In this work, the experimental measurements and thermodynamic modeling of thermophysical properties of C 1 /bitumen, CO 2 /bitumen, C 1 /CO 2 /bitumen, C 1 /diluent/bitumen, and C 1 /CO 2 /diluent/bitumen systems are performed. The measured data includes liquid viscosity, liquid density, and mole fraction of components in vapor and liquid phases. Experimental data show that the addition of CO 2 into the injected gas mixture results in bitumen viscosity reduction, especially at lower temperatures. A diluent has a significant effect on the viscosity and density of the liquid mixtures in all cases. The results showed that the component Kvalues are nearly independent of the solvent composition. The consistency of K-values of the intermediate components was examined by the Hoffmann and Wilson plots. The obtained linear trends revealed that the K-values of the intermediate components are only a function of temperature and pressure. The thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria is performed using the cubic plus association equation of state. The unknown parameters of the model, including binary interaction parameters and critical properties of C 6+ in the diluent, are tuned versus experimental liquid density and solvent solubility (i.e., the mole fraction of solvent in the bitumen-rich phase). The developed model is able to predict the liquid density, C 1 solubility, and CO 2 solubility with an absolute average relative deviation of 0.28, 11.41, and 12.22%, respectively.

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“…Injecting solvents along with steam during in situ recovery can cause the formation of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) conditions as well as the condensation of solvent at reservoir temperatures, leading to the formation of liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE). However, research on the complex LLE behavior of solvent/bitumen mixtures is limited. ,,− Yamchi et al ,, investigated the solvent/bitumen system and conducted LLE studies to determine the phase behavior of the mixture at different equilibrium conditions (temperatures of 22–100 °C and pressures up to a maximum of around 4 MPa). Khan , studied the solvent/bitumen system by conducting an LLE study at ambient temperature and pressures up to 13.5 MPa to gain insights into the behavior of this complex mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium Studies of Multicomponent Diluent/Bitumen System with Application to Solvent-Aided In Situ Bitumen Recovery

Khan

2023

Energy Fuels

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Although conventional thermal methods have been widely used for bitumen recovery, solvent-based or solvent-assisted techniques have emerged as viable, greener alternatives. Understanding the liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) of multicomponent diluent/bitumen systems is crucial in designing and optimizing oil recovery processes. Despite the availability of vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for multicomponent/bitumen in the literature, there is a lack of LLE data and predictive models for these mixtures. These data are essential for designing and optimizing oil recovery processes. This study presents the LLE measurements of multicomponent/bitumen mixtures in the temperature range of 295−352 K and a constant pressure of 2.159 MPa, applicable to in situ bitumen recovery processes. The measured thermophysical properties include the density and viscosity of the light phase. The measured density and viscosity data are modeled using the Peng− Robinson equation of state (PR-EoS) and the modified Pederson model, respectively, with average absolute relative deviations (AARDs) of 0.4 and 6.1%. Additionally, a combination of gas chromatography (GC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was utilized to obtain detailed molecular weight and compositional analyses of the heavy and light cuts. In summary, the findings of this study improve our understanding of the LLE of multicomponent solvents/ bitumen systems and offer valuable information for developing and improving solvent-assisted oil recovery processes as alternatives to energy-intensive conventional thermal recovery methods.

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Measurements and modeling of liquid-liquid equilibrium of Propane + n-Butane + Bitumen system

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Experimental Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data of C₁/Bitumen, CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/Diluent/Bitumen, and C₁/CO₂/Diluent/Bitumen Systems

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium Studies of Multicomponent Diluent/Bitumen System with Application to Solvent-Aided In Situ Bitumen Recovery

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Measurements and modeling of liquid-liquid equilibrium of Propane + n-Butane + Bitumen system

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Adsorption Kinetics of Asphaltenes at the Heptol–Water Interface

Experimental Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data of C1/Bitumen, CO2/Bitumen, C1/CO2/Bitumen, C1/Diluent/Bitumen, and C1/CO2/Diluent/Bitumen Systems

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium Studies of Multicomponent Diluent/Bitumen System with Application to Solvent-Aided In Situ Bitumen Recovery

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Experimental Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Data of C₁/Bitumen, CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/CO₂/Bitumen, C₁/Diluent/Bitumen, and C₁/CO₂/Diluent/Bitumen Systems