Measurement of Wave Attenuation in Buried Plastic Water Distribution Pipes

Almeida, Fabricio; Brennan, M.J.; Joseph, Phillip; Dray, Simon; Whitfield, Stuart; Paschoalini, Amarildo Tabone

doi:10.5545/sv-jme.2014.1830

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Measurement of the attenuation factor by using the envelope of the cross-correlation function This appendix gives an overview of the procedure to estimate the attenuation factor β. This is a modified version of that described in [22], to which the reader is referred for further details. This technique uses the theoretical model of the crosscorrelation function developed by Gao et al [14], which is given in Eq.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards an in-situ measurement of wave velocity in buried plastic water distribution pipes for the purposes of leak location

Almeida

Brennan

Joseph

et al. 2015

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eq. (14) is validated in the following section by measuring the individual time delays to give ε and determining α using the method described in [22], which is summarised in the Appendix.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an in-situ measurement of wave velocity in buried plastic water distribution pipes for the purposes of leak location

Almeida

Brennan

Joseph

et al. 2015

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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“…The pipe has a Young's modulus of about 2 Â 10 9 Nm À2 , an outer radius of 80 mm and a wall thickness of 9.85 mm. The loss factor was found to be 0.1 [14]. Properties of the test rig are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Overview Of Leak Detection Using Acoustic Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A virtual pipe rig for testing acoustic leak detection correlators: Proof of concept

et al. 2016

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Acoustic correlators have been used for many years to locate and detect leaks in buried water distribution pipes. Currently, the only way to compare different correlators directly is in the field. This can be problematic as it may be difficult to present exactly the same conditions to each correlator. In recent years, the way in which leak noise propagates in buried water pipes has been determined, and this has enabled the development of a virtual pipe whose behaviour can be simulated in the computer. By coupling the filtering properties of the pipe with electrodynamic shakers, a proof-of-concept virtual pipe test-rig has been developed that will allow different correlators to be compared directly in laboratory conditions. Different situations, such as pipe material and size, and measurement positions, as well as leak strength can be simulated. The theoretical basis of the test-rig and details of the proof-of-concept system are discussed in this paper. It is shown that careful consideration of the dynamics of the shakers is vital if the system is to faithfully model situations that are found in the field.

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“…Detection and location of leaks in buried pipelines are an important part of tackling this problem [4]. Approximately 40% to 50% of water is lost globally in developing countries mostly due to leaks in buried pipelines, which in some extreme cases may exceed 70% of the potable water supply, resulting in social, economic and environmental effects [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the bulk and shear moduli of soil surrounding a plastic water pipe using measurements of the predominantly fluid wave in the pipe

Scussel

Brennan

Muggleton

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Geophysics

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Leak noise correlators are commonly used to detect and locate leaks in buried water pipes. They use the cross-correlation function between leak noise signals measured using hydrophones or accelerometers placed on the pipe either side of the leak. The efficacy of a correlator is dependent upon knowledge of the speed at which the leak noise propagates along the pipe as well as how much it attenuates with distance. The leak noise is carried in a predominantly fluid-borne wave in the pipe, which is heavily influenced by the pipe and soil properties. Although the pipe properties can be determined relatively easily, estimation of the soil properties surrounding the pipe is more problematic. It is desirable to have an accurate estimate of the soil properties, so that current models can be developed and used to improve understanding of leak noise propagation and hence leak detection capabilities. In this paper a novel approach to determining the bulk and shear moduli of the soil from measurements of the predominantly fluid-borne wave in a buried plastic pipe, is described. The measured data are compared with corresponding data predicted from a model, and the soil properties are determined using an optimization algorithm. The method is applied to two different sites, one in the UK, where the soil properties surrounding the pipe are representative of sandy soil, and one in Brazil, where the surrounding soil has properties that are representative of clay soil. It is found that the bulk and shear modulus can be estimated in the pipe buried in sandy soil, but in the clay soil it is only possible to estimate the shear modulus.

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Measurement of Wave Attenuation in Buried Plastic Water Distribution Pipes

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Towards an in-situ measurement of wave velocity in buried plastic water distribution pipes for the purposes of leak location

Towards an in-situ measurement of wave velocity in buried plastic water distribution pipes for the purposes of leak location

A virtual pipe rig for testing acoustic leak detection correlators: Proof of concept

Estimation of the bulk and shear moduli of soil surrounding a plastic water pipe using measurements of the predominantly fluid wave in the pipe

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