Measurement of the water cycle in mixed ammonium acid sulfate particles

Spann, James F.; Richardson, C. B.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(85)90072-1

Cited by 68 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Such results are consistent with Tang's (1980) and Spann and Richardson's (1985) observations of the hygroscopic/deliquescent properties of H,SO4 aerosol and its neutralization products with NH,.…”

Section: Arnmon~urn/sulfate Molar Ratiosupporting

confidence: 92%

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Rood

Covert

Larson

1987

Aerosol Science and Technology

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An aerosol sampling instrument that measures the light scattering extinction coefficient of submicrometer aerosol particles under controlled relative humidity and temperature conditions has been improved. The instrument has the capability to detect and quantify the sulfate ion mass concentration and the ammonium-to-sulfate molar ratio of aerosols by analysis of the aerosol's thermal decomposition profile, hygroscopic characteristics, and reactivity with gaseous NH,. As a result of the addition

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Section: Arnmon~urn/sulfate Molar Ratiosupporting

confidence: 92%

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Rood

Covert

Larson

1987

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The phase diagram of the system, (NH4)2S04-H2SC>4-H20 is now well understood as shown in Fig. 2, as a result of several studies aimed at modeling the formation and growth of acidic aerosols [117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124]. Depending upon the beginning composition, mixed sulfate aerosols undergo a phase transition at two distinct relative humidities that signal the onset of deliquescence for the two stoichiometric mixed crystals, ammonium bisulfate, NH4HSO4, and letovicite, (NH4) 3 H(S0 4 )2.…”

Section: Reaction Of Ammonia With Sulfuric and Sulfate Aerosols Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of ammonia in the atmosphere?a review for applicability to hazardous releases

Renard

Calidonna

Henley³

2004

Journal of Hazardous Materials

138

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“…Electrodynamic balance measurements by Tang and Munkelwitz (1994) are plotted as solid gray triangles, electrodynamic balance measurements by Spann and Richardson (1985) as solid black circles. The gray and black bars show the scatter of their data, illustrating that they did observe not only homogeneously but also heterogeneously triggered crystallization.…”

Section: Input Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore we use the 50-method for 220 K, 260 K and 293 K and interpolate DRH and ERH at intermediate temperatures during a model run. Tang and Munkelwitz (1994) are plotted as solid grey triangles and measurements by Spann and Richardson (1985) are plotted as solid black circles. The grey and black bars show the scattering of their data.…”

Section: Input Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel model to predict the physical state of atmospheric H2SO4/NH3/H2O aerosol particles

et al. 2003

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Abstract. The physical state of the tropospheric aerosol is largely unknown despite its importance for cloud formation and for the aerosol's radiative properties. Here we use detailed microphysical laboratory measurements to perform a systematic global modelling study of the physical state of the H 2 SO 4 /NH 3 /H 2 O aerosol, which constitutes an important class of aerosols in the free troposphere. The Aerosol Physical State Model (APSM) developed here is based on Lagrangian trajectories computed from ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts) analyses, taking full account of the deliquescence/efflorescence hysteresis. As input APSM requires three data sets: (i) deliquescence and efflorescence relative humidities from laboratory measurements, (ii) ammonia-to-sulfate ratios (ASR) calculated by a global circulation model, and (iii) relative humidities determined from the ECMWF analyses. APSM results indicate that globally averaged a significant fraction (17-57%) of the ammoniated sulfate aerosol particles contain solids with the ratio of solid-containing to purely liquid particles increasing with altitude (between 2 and 10 km). In our calculations the most abundant solid is letovicite, (NH 4 ) 3 H(SO 4 ) 2 , while there is only little ammonium sulfate, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . Since ammonium bisulfate, NH 4 HSO 4 , does not nucleate homogeneously, it can only form via heterogeneous crystallization. As the ammonia-to-sulfate ratios of the atmospheric H 2 SO 4 /NH 3 /H 2 O aerosol usually do not correspond to the stoichiometries of known crystalline substances, all solids are expected to occur in mixed-phase aerosol particles. This work highlights the potential importance of letovicite, whose role as cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) and as scatterer of solar radiation remains to be scrutinized.

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Measurement of the water cycle in mixed ammonium acid sulfate particles

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Fate of ammonia in the atmosphere?a review for applicability to hazardous releases

A novel model to predict the physical state of atmospheric H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O aerosol particles

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Measurement of the water cycle in mixed ammonium acid sulfate particles

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Temperature and Humidity Controlled Nephelometry: Improvements and Calibration

Fate of ammonia in the atmosphere?a review for applicability to hazardous releases

A novel model to predict the physical state of atmospheric H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O aerosol particles

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A novel model to predict the physical state of atmospheric H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O aerosol particles