Measurement of the Muonic Branching Fractions of the Narrow Upsilon Resonances

Adams, G. S.; Chasse, M.; Cravey, M.; Cummings, J. P.; Danko, I.; Napolitano, J.; Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Park, C. S.; Park, W.; Thayer, J. B.; Thorndike, E. H.; Coan, T. E.; Gao, Y. S.; Liu, F.; Stroynowski, R.; Artuso, M.; Boulahouache, C.; Blusk, S.; Butt, J.; Dambasuren, E.; Dorjkhaidav, O.; Menaa, N.; Mountain, R.; Muramatsu, H.; Nandakumar, R.; Redjimi, R.; Sia, R.; Skwarnicki, T.; Stone, S.; Wang, J. C.; Zhang, K.; Csorna, S. E.; Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Dubrovin, M.; Bornheim, A.; Pappas, S. P.; Weinstein, A. J.; Briere, R. A.; Chen, G. P.; Ferguson, T.; Tatishvili, G.; Vogel, H.; Watkins, M. E.; Adam, N.; Alexander, J.; Berkelman, K.; Cassel, D. G.; Duboscq, J. E.; Ecklund, K. M.; Ehrlich, R.; Fields, L.; Galik, R. S.; Gibbons, L. K.; Gittelman, B.; Gray, R.; Gray, S. W.; Hartill, D. L.; Heltsley, B. K.; Hertz, D.; Hsu, L.; Jones, C. D.; Kandaswamy, J.; Kreinick, D. L.; Кузнецов, В. Е.; Mahlke-Krüger, H.; Meyer, T. O.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Patterson, J. R.; Peterson, D.; Pivarski, J.; Riley, D.; Rosner, Jonathan L.; Rýd, A.; Sadoff, A. J.; Schwarthoff, H.; Shepherd, M. R.; Sun, W.; Thayer, J. G.; Urner, D.; Wilksen, T.; Weinberger, M.; Athar, S. B.; Avery, P.; Breva-Newell, L.; Patel, R.; Potlia, V.; Stoeck, H.; Yelton, J.; Rubin, P.; Cawlfield, C.; Eisenstein, B. I.; Gollin, G. D.; Karliner, I.; Kim, D.; Lowrey, N.; Naik, P.; Sedlack, C.; Selen, M.; Thaler, J. J.; Williams, James S.; Wiss, J.; Edwards, K. W.; Besson, D.; Gao, K. Y.; Gong, D. T.; Kubota, Y.; Lang, B. W.; Li, S. Z.; Poling, R.; Scott, A. W.; Smith, A.; Stepaniak, C. J.; Urheim, J.; Metreveli, Z.; Seth, K. K.; Tomaradze, A.; Zweber, P.; Ernst, J.; Mahmood, A. H.; Arms, K.; Gan, K. K.; Asner, D. M.; Dytman, S.; Mehrabyan, S.; Muêller, J.; Savinov, V.; Li, Z.; López, A.; Méndez, H.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Huang, G. S.; Miller, D. H.; Pavlunin, V.; Sanghi, B.; Shibata, E. I.; Shipsey, I. P. J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.012001

Cited by 54 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Adding to this discovery of suppression of particles at high transverse momentum, two very striking results were seen for open heavy flavor from the PHENIX experiment via the measurement of electrons from the semi-leptonic decays of hadrons carrying charm or bottom quarks [103,104,105,106]. First, heavy mesons, despite their large mass, exhibit a suppression at high transverse momentum compared to that expected from p + p collisions [104,115,116]. This suppression is similar to that of light mesons, which implies a substantial energy loss of fast heavy quarks while traversing the medium, see Fig.…”

Section: High-p T Hadron Suppression: Jet-quenchingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…22 [108,117,118]. From these theoretical frameworks, we learned that the gluon density dN g /dy must be approximately with that of v2 of π 0 and π ± in minimum-bias Au+Au collisions [38,104,107,108,115,116]. 1000, and the energy density of the matter created in the most central collisions must be approximately 15 GeV/fm 3 to account for the large suppression observed in the data [119,120].…”

Section: High-p T Hadron Suppression: Jet-quenchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New state of nuclear matter: Nearly perfect fluid of quarks and gluons in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies

Nouicer

2016

Eur. Phys. J. Plus

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Abstract. This article reviews several important results from RHIC experiments and discusses their implications. They were obtained in a unique environment for studying QCD matter at temperatures and densities that exceed the limits wherein hadrons can exist as individual entities and raises to prominence the quark-gluon degrees of freedom. These findings are supported by major experimental observations via measuring of the bulk properties of particle production, particle ratios and chemical freeze-out conditions, and elliptic flow; followed by hard probe measurements: high-p T hadron suppression, dijet fragment azimuthal correlations, and heavy flavor probes. These measurements are presented for particles of different species as a function of system sizes, collision centrality, and energy carried out in RHIC experiments. The results reveal that a dense, strongly-interacting medium is created in central Au + Au collisions at √ s N N = 200 GeV at RHIC. This revelation of a new state of nuclear matter has also been observed in measurements at the LHC. Further, the IP-Glasma model coupled with viscous hydrodynamic models, which assumes the formation of a QGP, reproduces well the experimental flow results from Au + Au at √ s N N = 200 GeV. This implies that the fluctuations in the initial geometry state are important and the created medium behaves as a nearly perfect liquid of nuclear matter because it has an extraordinarily low ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density, η/s ≈ 0.12. However, these discoveries are far from being fully understood. Furthermore, recent experimental results from RHIC and LHC in small p + A, d + Au and 3 He+Au collision systems provide brand new insight into the role of initial and final state effects. These have proven to be interesting and more surprising than originally anticipated; and could conceivably shed new light in our understanding of collective behavior in heavy-ion physics. Accordingly, the focus of the experiments at both facilities RHIC and the LHC is on detailed exploration of the properties of this new state of nuclear matter, the QGP.

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Section: High-p T Hadron Suppression: Jet-quenchingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: High-p T Hadron Suppression: Jet-quenchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New state of nuclear matter: Nearly perfect fluid of quarks and gluons in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies

Nouicer

2016

Eur. Phys. J. Plus

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“…Here R = 0.54 ± 0.05 is the branch ratio of charm quarks into final D 0 mesons measured in e + e − reactions [35]. T AA = 26.4 ± 0.5 mb −1 is the average nuclear overlap function in the most central (0-5% centrality) Pb+Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76…”

Section: B Yields Of Normal Identified Hadronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden-charm pentaquark states in heavy ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Chen³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. C

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In the framework of the quark combination, we derive the yield formulas and study the yield ratios of the hidden-charm pentaquark states in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We propose some interesting yield ratios which clearly exhibit the production relationships between different hidden-charm pentaquark states. We show how to employ a specific quark combination model to evaluate the yields of exotic P + c (4380), P + c (4450) and their partners on the basis of reproducing the yields of normal identified hadrons, and execute the calculations in central Pb+Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV as an example.

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“…However, the inte-grated luminosity sampled in this run at RHIC was not sufficient for detailed measurements of open heavy-flavor observables. With the STAR experiment the production of D 0 mesons was investigated [169] in the transverse momentum range 0.1 < p t < 3 GeV/c, and electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays were measured in the range 1 < p t < 10 GeV/c [173]. Within large uncertainties the d+Au data were consistent with data from pp collisions scaled by the number of binary collisions to account for the different collision geometry.…”

Section: Heavy Flavor In D+au Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…With increasing charged particle multiplicity the resulting signal-to-background ratio becomes worse such that the difficulty of such a measurement increases from pp to proton/deuteron-nucleus to nucleus-nucleus collisions in which signal-to-background ratios of typically 1:1000 had to be coped with in the STAR experiment. With STAR, D 0 mesons have been reconstructed in their Kπ decay channel in d+Au [169] and, recently, in pp collisions [170]. A corresponding signal was observed in Au+Au collisions at low p t as well [171].…”

Section: The Star Approach To Open Heavy-flavor Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heavy-flavor production in heavy-ion collisions and implications for the properties of hot QCD matter

Averbeck

2013

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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Hadrons carrying open heavy flavor, i.e. single charm or bottom quarks, are among the key diagnostic tools available today for the hot and dense state of strongly interacting matter which is produced in collisions of heavy atomic nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies. First systematic heavy-flavor measurements in nucleus-nucleus collisions and the reference proton-proton system at Brookhaven National Laboratory's (BNL) Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have led to tantalizing results. These studies are now continued and extended at RHIC and at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where considerably higher collision energies are available. This review focuses on experimental results on open heavy-flavor observables at RHIC and the LHC published until July 2012. Yields of heavy-flavor hadrons and their decay products, their transverse momentum and rapidity distributions, as well as their azimuthal distributions with respect to the reaction plane in heavy-ion collisions are investigated. Various theoretical approaches are confronted with the data and implications for the properties of the hot and dense medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed.

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Measurement of the Muonic Branching Fractions of the Narrow Upsilon Resonances

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

New state of nuclear matter: Nearly perfect fluid of quarks and gluons in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies

New state of nuclear matter: Nearly perfect fluid of quarks and gluons in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies

Hidden-charm pentaquark states in heavy ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Heavy-flavor production in heavy-ion collisions and implications for the properties of hot QCD matter

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