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PROGRESS IN RESEARCH ON METEORS AND METEORITESand Gill detected three diffractional velocity patterns, which enabled them to derive not only the velocity, but also the direction of the meteor flight. During a 24-hr. period, 200-300 individual meteors, up to the 8th magnitude, were observed. Of the 400 measured meteors, only one showed a hyperbolic orbit.Detailed studies, based on meteor physics, háve been made on meteor ionization by Kaiser (M.N. 114, 52 and 63, 1954); on meteor heights for shower and sporadic meteors (compared with Kaiser's theory); and on the duration of long enduring trains produced by meteors. The movement of trains makes it possible to measure wind-velocity in high altitudes (Greenhow, 1952-54). Simüar questions háve been studied by D. W. R. McKinley and P. M. Millman (Can. J. Phys. 1954 /54; Contrib.from Dominion Observátory, Ottawa, 2, no. 12 and 17). 2. Photography. Successful work in this field was doně by the Harvard Meteor programme under the guidance of F. L. Whipple. Four Super-Schmidt Meteor Cameras háve now been installed at the meteor base at New Mexico. In seventeen months more than 2000 meteors háve been detected at both stations and as the cameras are provided with rotating shutters, the orbits of these meteors can be computed exactly. During June 1953 one of the Super-Schmidts was ušed for the detection of meteor trains. The normál meteor plates háve been analysed by L. Jacchia and his staff. He derived 146 orbits which háve been discussed by F. L. Whipple from the astronomical point of view. In U.S.S.R., meteor photography has been developed especiaUy at the Stalinabad and Ašchabad Observatories. At Stalinabad, during 1952-54, eighty meteor paths háve been obtained. Heights, velocities and orbits were deduced for fifty-two meteors {Bull. Stalinabad Astr. Obs. no. 11,1954; Trudy Stalinabad Obs. 4, 1954). E. N. Kramer suggested using, in addition to a normál fast-moving rotating shutter, a supplementary slow-moving shutter to fix the time of the meteor appearance {Astr. Circ. no. 135, 1935). L. A. Katasev developed a photogrammetric method for determination of the meteor masses {A.Ž. 29, no. 6, 1952). A systematic programme of meteor photography in Czechoslovakia, initiated by F. Link, has been carried out since 1951. To dáte, sixty-one double photographs háve been secured (with Ondřej ov-Mezivraty and Ondřej o v-Vysoký Chlumec as base), fořty of them during the periods of shower activities; and 202 additional single meteors háve been detected. Before or after the exposure each plate is provided with a photometric scale based on the systém of an artificial meteor (F.
PROGRESS IN RESEARCH ON METEORS AND METEORITESand Gill detected three diffractional velocity patterns, which enabled them to derive not only the velocity, but also the direction of the meteor flight. During a 24-hr. period, 200-300 individual meteors, up to the 8th magnitude, were observed. Of the 400 measured meteors, only one showed a hyperbolic orbit.Detailed studies, based on meteor physics, háve been made on meteor ionization by Kaiser (M.N. 114, 52 and 63, 1954); on meteor heights for shower and sporadic meteors (compared with Kaiser's theory); and on the duration of long enduring trains produced by meteors. The movement of trains makes it possible to measure wind-velocity in high altitudes (Greenhow, 1952-54). Simüar questions háve been studied by D. W. R. McKinley and P. M. Millman (Can. J. Phys. 1954 /54; Contrib.from Dominion Observátory, Ottawa, 2, no. 12 and 17). 2. Photography. Successful work in this field was doně by the Harvard Meteor programme under the guidance of F. L. Whipple. Four Super-Schmidt Meteor Cameras háve now been installed at the meteor base at New Mexico. In seventeen months more than 2000 meteors háve been detected at both stations and as the cameras are provided with rotating shutters, the orbits of these meteors can be computed exactly. During June 1953 one of the Super-Schmidts was ušed for the detection of meteor trains. The normál meteor plates háve been analysed by L. Jacchia and his staff. He derived 146 orbits which háve been discussed by F. L. Whipple from the astronomical point of view. In U.S.S.R., meteor photography has been developed especiaUy at the Stalinabad and Ašchabad Observatories. At Stalinabad, during 1952-54, eighty meteor paths háve been obtained. Heights, velocities and orbits were deduced for fifty-two meteors {Bull. Stalinabad Astr. Obs. no. 11,1954; Trudy Stalinabad Obs. 4, 1954). E. N. Kramer suggested using, in addition to a normál fast-moving rotating shutter, a supplementary slow-moving shutter to fix the time of the meteor appearance {Astr. Circ. no. 135, 1935). L. A. Katasev developed a photogrammetric method for determination of the meteor masses {A.Ž. 29, no. 6, 1952). A systematic programme of meteor photography in Czechoslovakia, initiated by F. Link, has been carried out since 1951. To dáte, sixty-one double photographs háve been secured (with Ondřej ov-Mezivraty and Ondřej o v-Vysoký Chlumec as base), fořty of them during the periods of shower activities; and 202 additional single meteors háve been detected. Before or after the exposure each plate is provided with a photometric scale based on the systém of an artificial meteor (F.
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