Measurement of the cosmic microwave background spectrum by the COBE FIRAS instrument

Mather, John C.; Cheng, E. S.; Cottingham, D. A.; Eplee, Robert E.; Fixsen, D. J.; Hewagama, T.; Isaacman, R.; Jensen, K. A.; Meyer, S. S.; Noerdlinger, Peter D.; Read, S. M.; Rosen, Lawrence; Shafer, R. A.; Wright, E. L.; Bennett, C. L.; Boggess, N. W.; Hauser, M. G.; Kelsall, T.; Moseley, S. H.; Silverberg, R. F.; Smoot, George F.; Weiß, R.; Wilkinson, David T.

doi:10.1086/173574

Cited by 726 publications

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“…As Big Bang Nucleosynthesis BBN is an inevitable consequence of the hot big bang cosmology it, along with the expansion of the Universe and the Cosmic Background Radiation CBR , provides a key test of the standard model of cosmology. The extraordinarily precise black body spectrum of the CBR T = 2.726 0.005 ; Mather et al 1994 offers powerful support for the standard model. BBN predicts the abundances with respect to hydrogen, the most abundant element in the Universe of the four light n uclides as a function of only one adjustable parameter, , the ratio of nucleons baryons to photons = n B =n ; 10 = 1 0 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Big Bang nucleosynthesis

Steigman

1996

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Big Bang nucleosynthesis

Steigman

1996

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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“…where a = 4σ/c is the radiation constant related to the StefanBoltzmann constant σ, T 3K = 2.726 K is the present radiation temperature (Mather et al 1994). The neutrino contribution to the radiation density for three massless neutrino types is noted f ν , G is the gravitational constant, and c is the speed of light.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible flakes of molecular hydrogen in the early Universe

Pfenniger

Puy

2003

A&A

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Abstract.The thermochemistry of H 2 and HD in non-collapsed, non-reionized primordial gas up to the end of the dark age is investigated with recent radiation-matter and chemical reaction rates taking into account the efficient coolant HD, and the possibility of a gas-solid phase transition of H 2 . In the standard big-bang model we find that these molecules can freeze out and lead to the growth of flakes of solid molecular hydrogen at redshifts z ≈ 6−12 in the unperturbed medium and under-dense regions. While this freezing caused by the mere adiabatic cooling of the expanding matter is less likely to occur in collapsed regions due to their higher than radiation background temperature, on the other hand the super-adiabatic expansion in voids strongly favors it. Later reionization (at z ≈ 5−6) eventually destroys all these H 2 flakes. The possible occurrence of H 2 flakes is important for the degree of coupling between matter and radiation, as well as for the existence of a gas-grain chemistry at the end of the dark age.

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“…The CMB anisotropies were discovered by the COBE satellite with a rms amplitude of about 30 µK [5] at scales larger than 7 degrees. COBE also measured its spectrum with high precision [6,7] proving its pure blackbody nature.…”

Section: Cmb Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archeops, mapping the CMB sky from large to small angular scales

Hamilton¹

2002

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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Archeops is a balloon-borne experiment designed to measure the temperature fluctuations of the CMB on a large region of the sky (≃ 30%) with a high angular resolution (10 arcminutes) and a high sensitivity (60µK per pixel). Archeops will perform a measurement of the CMB anisotropies power spectrum from large angular scales (ℓ ≃ 30) to small angular scales (ℓ ≃ 800). Archeops flew for the first time for a test flight in July 1999 from Sicily to Spain and the first scientific flight took place from Sweden to Russia in January 2001. The data analysis is on its way and I present here preliminary results, realistic simulations showing the expected accuracy on the measurement of the power spectrum and perspectives for the incoming flights (Winter 2001(Winter /2003.

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Measurement of the cosmic microwave background spectrum by the COBE FIRAS instrument

Cited by 726 publications

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Big Bang nucleosynthesis

Big Bang nucleosynthesis

Possible flakes of molecular hydrogen in the early Universe

Archeops, mapping the CMB sky from large to small angular scales

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