Measurement of the Binding Capacity of Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin in Human Plasma

Daughaday, William H.; Adler, Robert E.; Mariz, Ida K.; Rasinski, Dorothy C.

doi:10.1210/jcem-22-7-704

Cited by 74 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The different techniques used and the diverse arithmetic approaches employed all indicate that the plasma concentration of transcortin rises about threefold during pregnancy or after estrogen therapy. These findings (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) are in essential agreement with our original, less sophisticated observations and calculations. An important contribution has been the isolation by Seal and Doe (9, 10) of a highly purified plasma transcortin preparation, making it possible to ascertain the amino acid composition of the protein and many of its physical properties.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Since then, a number of investigations utilizing a variety of methodologies to ascertain the binding of cortisol to transcortin have confirmed our observations (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). The different techniques used and the diverse arithmetic approaches employed all indicate that the plasma concentration of transcortin rises about threefold during pregnancy or after estrogen therapy.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

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Transcortin: A Corticosteroid-binding Protein of Plasma. VII. Half-Life in Normal and Estrogen-treated Subjects *

Sandberg¹,

Woodruff²,

Rosenthal³

et al. 1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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In 1959 we described elevated plasma concentrations of transcortin during pregnancy and after the administration of estrogens (1,2). Since then, a number of investigations utilizing a variety of methodologies to ascertain the binding of cortisol to transcortin have confirmed our observations (3-8). The different techniques used and the diverse arithmetic approaches employed all indicate that the plasma concentration of transcortin rises about threefold during pregnancy or after estrogen therapy. These findings (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) are in essential agreement with our original, less sophisticated observations and calculations. An important contribution has been the isolation by Seal and Doe (9, 10) of a highly purified plasma transcortin preparation, making it possible to ascertain the amino acid composition of the protein and many of its physical properties. They have shown that transcortin has one binding site for cortisol and a molecular weight of approximately 45,000 (9, 10). More recently, these workers have demonstrated, by means of isolation studies, that the plasma transcortin concentration is approximately 2.5 mg per 100 ml in normal subjects and 7.5 mg per 100 ml in estrogen-treated subjects (7). These and other values for normal, estrogen-treated, and pregnant subjects (3-8) are higher than our original calculations (1).Our low values can be attributed to the crudeness of the early techniques and the less critical theoretical physicochemical approaches utilized. The methods used in our laboratory now obviate these shortcomings and yield values similar to those obtained by other workers.

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supporting

confidence: 90%

supporting

confidence: 70%

Transcortin: A Corticosteroid-binding Protein of Plasma. VII. Half-Life in Normal and Estrogen-treated Subjects *

Sandberg¹,

Woodruff²,

Rosenthal³

et al. 1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Keller, Sendelbeck, Richardson, Moore & Yates (1966), however, did observe a small increase in corticosteroid binding globulin, but only after 14 days of high doses of oestrogen given to male rats. These results are surprising in view of the many reports of an increase in corticosteroid binding activity after oestrogen treatment in man (Sandberg & Slaunwhite, 1959;Daughaday, Adler, Mariz, & Rasinski, 1962). In the female rat the levels of oestrogen normally circulating may result in maximal stimulation of binding activity under normal physiological conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The actions of ethinyloestradiol on the pituitary‐adrenal system of the rat

1970

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. Single doses of ethinyloestradiol stimulate the pituitary adrenal axis of the female rat during quiescent conditions. 2. After a stimulus which releases endogenous ACTH, there is an inhibition of the release of corticosterone from the adrenal gland, but an increase in the corticosterone stored in the gland.3. Ethinyloestradiol (1V0 mg/kg) injected acutely or daily for 7 days does not affect the corticosterone bindinlg capacity of plasma in female rats, or the clearance rate of an injection of corticosterone. 4. Prolonged treatment with ethinyloestradiol and ACTH inhibits the pituitary-adrenal response to a stress and to an ACTH injection, indicating a block at the adrenal and pituitary level. 5. The adrenal gland recovers more rapidly than the pituitary after cessation of the oestrogen treatment. 6. The inhibition of the pituitary-adrenal response to stress after oestrogen is probably caused by inhibition of cholesterol synthesis as suggested by others. Oestrogens can increase corticoid secretion during non-stress conditions, however, so precursor lack through exhaustion cannot be excluded. 7. It is suggested that the inhibition of the stress response after prolonged ACTH treatment is due to a decrease in sensitivity of the adrenal cortex after frequent ACTH stimulation, but the possibility that it is due to a reduction in circulating cholesterol cannot be ruled out.

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“…Measurement of changes in other circulating transport proteins may also be of value in following the status of pregnancy. It has been shown that plasma cortisol levels, the cortisol-binding protein (transcortin), ceruloplasmin, iron-binding globulin, and haptoglobin are all increased during the administration of large amounts of estrogen or during normal pregnancy (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44). It Comparison of the method with assessments of protein-bound iodine, serum chorionic gonadotropin, and vaginal smears indicated its greater precision in predicting the outcome of threatened abortions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vaginal Smear, Serum Gonadotropin, Protein-Bound Iodine, and Thyroxine-Binding as Measures of Placental Adequacy*

Nicoloff¹,

Nicoloff²,

Dowling³

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

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During pregnancy the characteristic increase in the thyroxine-binding capacity of the circulating globulin, TBG (1-3), is associated with a retarded rate of thyroxine turnover (4) and an increase in the concentration of hormonal iodine (PBI) in the plasma (1-4). These alterations in iodine metabolism have not been found in women with choriocarcinomas who excrete large quantities of chorionic gonadotropin (5), but do occur in nonpregnant individuals given large quantities of estrogens (6-8). It has been concluded, therefore, that during pregnancy these phenomena result from systemic effects of placental estrogens. Moreover, the sera of aborting women often fail to show the characteristic increase in serum PBI (9) and in thyroxine-binding by TBG (2).In the past, attempts have been made to use the concentration of PBI as an indicator of fetal viability (9, 10); however, as appears to be true of studies of urinary or plasma chorionic gonadotropin determinations, pregnandiol and estrogen levels, and vaginal smears (11-15), the PBI has not proved satisfactory for routine use. It appeared possible, however, that assessment of TBG might prove of value as an indicator of placental function. For that reason a technique was developed for rapidly estimating serum thyroxinebinding, and its value in predicting the outcome *

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Measurement of the Binding Capacity of Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin in Human Plasma

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Transcortin: A Corticosteroid-binding Protein of Plasma. VII. Half-Life in Normal and Estrogen-treated Subjects *

Transcortin: A Corticosteroid-binding Protein of Plasma. VII. Half-Life in Normal and Estrogen-treated Subjects *

The actions of ethinyloestradiol on the pituitary‐adrenal system of the rat

Evaluation of Vaginal Smear, Serum Gonadotropin, Protein-Bound Iodine, and Thyroxine-Binding as Measures of Placental Adequacy*

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