Measurement of Regional Bone and Bone Marrow Blood Flow in the Rabbit Using the Hydrogen Washout Technique

Whiteside, Leo A.; Lesker, Peggy A.; Simmons, David J.

doi:10.1097/00003086-197701000-00047

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…48 Despite these limitations, it has been used under many different experimental circumstances to measure regional bone blood flow 2,33,37,39,40,43,45, and has been used to validate new blood flow methods in bone such as noble gas washout 34 and laser Doppler flowmetry. 70 The hydrogen washout method of regional blood flow measurement was developed by the Norwegian physiologist Aukland and colleagues 38 and first applied to bone tissue by Whiteside et al 6 in the rabbit; he assumed that his measurements were accurate because they were similar to those reported by other methods. Other authors have made the same assumption when using hydrogen washout for bone blood flow measurements, 1,19 or have referred to other articles using the method in bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the monoexponential washout curve implies uniform perfusion in adjacent regions. 6 Ogata et al have elegantly shown hydrogen washout use in repeated measurements over time by leaving an electrode in place in rabbit vascularized iliac bone allo-and autografts, 18 and postulated the usefulness in clinical applicability in bone graft or replantation monitoring. 4 An electrochemical circuit can be applied locally to the tissue under investigation to generate and measure hydrogen, increasing further the clinical applicability in bone graft monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of signal change is monoexponential and is proportional to cortical bone blood flow. 6 By semilogarithmic transformation, the T1 2 of tissue hydrogen was estimated and bone blood flow calculated by the Fick principle using the following equation:…”

Section: Evaluation Of Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 Its value was determined in a previous experiment to be 0.46 volume/volume. 6 This means that hydrogen diffuses into 46% of the volume of cortical bone at atmospheric pressure and physiologic temperature. We calculated the value of l to be 0.72 for rat cortical diaphyseal bone in a previous experiment [authors' unpublished data].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout technique—part II: Validation by comparison to microsphere entrapment

Larsen

Pelzer

Friedrich

et al. 2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Accurate and reproducible measurement of bone blood flow has important clinical and experimental applications. Hydrogen washout is simple, safe, and widely used, but its use in bone tissue has not been validated. To this end, we have compared cortical bone blood flow measurements obtained by radioactive-labeled microsphere entrapment with those from hydrogen washout. Blood flow was measured in tibial cortical bone of 12 New Zealand White rabbits by radioactive microsphere entrapment and by hydrogen washout. Besides a control group (n ¼ 6), four animals were treated with systemic epinephrine (0.8 mg/kg/min) (group 2) and two with nitroprusside (100 mg/kg/min) (group 3). Furthermore, nine femora from seven rats were isolated on their vascular pedicles and repeated bone blood flow measurements were made at each location with the hydrogen washout method to confirm reproducibility of blood flow determinations by hydrogen washout. An average flow of 2.3 AE 2.0 mL/min/100 g was obtained with the microsphere method and 2.0 AE 0.5 mL/min/100 g with the hydrogen washout method. There was a significant correlation and agreement: R 2 ¼ 0.97 (p < 0.01). No consistent flow variations were found with systemic vasoactive drug administration. Hydrogen washout provided reproducible results and showed high sensitivity to flow changes. Hydrogen washout is both sensitive and reproducible in measuring bone blood flow. Results agree well with flow values obtained by labeled microsphere entrapment. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout technique—part II: Validation by comparison to microsphere entrapment

Larsen

Pelzer

Friedrich

et al. 2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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show abstract

“…9 In 1977, Whiteside et al refined this method for the measurement of regional bone blood flow. 10 The hydrogen washout method requires breathing a hydrogen mixture until levels of the gas equilibrate in the tissue. The hydrogen flow is then stopped, resulting in gradual washout of tissue hydrogen proportional to its blood flow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout Technique—Part I: Quantitative evaluation of tissue perfusion in the laboratory rat

Pelzer

Larsen

Friedrich

et al. 2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The measurement of blood flow in bone is of interest in both clinical and experimental settings. Such determinations would ideally provide accurate, quantitative, and reproducible data with relatively simple and safe technology, even in the small bones of experimental animals. Methods that provide absolute or quantitative measurements include positron emission tomography, ''isotope fractioning'' using radioactive or fluorescent-labeled microspheres, and measurement of the rate of washout of diffusible tracers delivered either by injection or inhalation. In this article, we describe in detail a modification of the original Whiteside hydrogen washout technique, using modern hydrogen sensors, a micromanipulator for probe placement, and custom software that greatly simplifies blood flow determination and is effective in the small bones of experimental animals. ß

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Magnesium alloys: A stony pathway from intensive research to clinical reality. Different test methods and approval‐related considerations

Willbold

Weizbauer

Loos³

et al. 2016

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The first degradable implant made of a magnesium alloy, a compression screw, was launched to the clinical market in March 2013. Many different complex considerations are required for the marketing authorization of degradable implant materials. This review gives an overview of existing and proposed standards for implant testing for marketing approval. Furthermore, different common in vitro and in vivo testing methods are discussed. In some cases, animal tests are inevitable to investigate the biological safety of a novel medical material. The choice of an appropriate animal model is as important as subsequent histological examination. Furthermore, this review focuses on the results of various mechanical tests to investigate the stability of implants for temporary use. All the above aspects are examined in the context of development and testing of magnesium-based biomaterials and their progress them from bench to bedside. A brief history of the first market launch of a magnesium-based degradable implant is given. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 329-347, 2017.

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Measurement of Regional Bone and Bone Marrow Blood Flow in the Rabbit Using the Hydrogen Washout Technique

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout technique—part II: Validation by comparison to microsphere entrapment

Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout technique—part II: Validation by comparison to microsphere entrapment

Measurement of bone blood flow using the hydrogen washout Technique—Part I: Quantitative evaluation of tissue perfusion in the laboratory rat

Magnesium alloys: A stony pathway from intensive research to clinical reality. Different test methods and approval‐related considerations

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