Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Epiphytic Lichens for Receptor Modeling in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR): A Pilot Study

Studabaker, William B.; Krupa, Sagar V.; Jayanty, R. K. M.; Raymer, James

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097760-7.00017-2

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Enrichments of fugitive dust markers (e.g., aluminum [Al]) and industrial process markers (e.g., vanadium [V]) in lichens achieve background levels withiñ 20 km of the main surface mining activities (Graney et al, 2012). Similarly, PAH concentrations measured in lichen samples have a smaller spatial footprint than elevated stack emissions (Studabaker et al, 2012). This is consistent with groundlevel emissions of larger particles (with high deposition velocities) typical of fugitive dust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Wang

Chow

Kohl

et al. 2015

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Several organic compounds typical of combustion emissions and bitumen are enriched relative to forest soils for fugitive dust sources near oil sands operations, consistent with deposition uptake by biomonitors. AOSR dust samples are alkaline, not acidic, indicating that potential acid deposition is neutralized. Chemical abundances are highly variable within emission inventory categories, implying that more specific subcategories can be defined for inventory speciation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Wang

Chow

Kohl

et al. 2015

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…A good agreement has been reported for PAHs profile in lichens and atmospheric particulate (Blasco et al, 2006;Augusto et al, 2010), while less clear relationships were found for gas-phase PAHs (Schrlau et al, 2011;Studabacker et al, 2012). However, a characteristic of these studies is that they all used data from native (in situ) lichens, thus preventing a direct quantitative comparison of lichen data with conventional data from air samplers, owing to the differences in exposure time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The range of concentrations of total PAHs measured in the present study (19-683 ng g À1 dw) is in line with the data (see Tab. 17.1) reported by Studabacker et al (2012), which reviewed all studies investigating lichens as bioaccumulators of PAHs. Unfortunately almost all studies used native samples and direct comparison is made difficult by the different and unknown exposure time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The use of plants as bioindicators has proved very useful for the evaluation of atmospheric levels of PAHs (Thomas et al, 1984;Migaszewski et al, 2002) and lichens emerged as particularly suitable for this purpose (Schrlau et al, 2011;Studabacker et al, 2012). A good agreement has been reported for PAHs profile in lichens and atmospheric particulate (Blasco et al, 2006;Augusto et al, 2010), while less clear relationships were found for gas-phase PAHs (Schrlau et al, 2011;Studabacker et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by lichen transplants: Comparison with gas-phase passive air samplers

et al. 2015

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“…Here as well, an attempt was made to identify the contributions of local emission sources by using stable isotopes of Hg ( 199 Hg,202 Hg, and 204 Hg) in the lichen tissue (Blum et al 2012). In addition, analyses were conducted on a subset of samples (30 sites) to measure the concentrations of PAHs in Hypogymnia tissue (Studabaker et al 2012).…”

Section: Linking Air Emissions With Ecosystem Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoscience of Climate and Energy 11. Ambient Air Quality and Linkage to Ecosystems in the Athabasca Oil Sands, Alberta

Percy

2013

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In 2010, there were 91 active oil sands projects in the Athabasca Oil Sands, Alberta where the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association monitors air quality and related environmental impacts. In 2012, ambient air concentrations of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ammonia did not exceed the Alberta Ambient Air Quality Objectives. There was one exceedance of these objectives for ground-level ozone, and 62 exceedances for fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 microns. There were 170 exceedances of the 1-hour hydrogen sulphide / total reduced sulphur odour threshold. The number of hourly exceedances has decreased since 2009, yet odours remain a serious concern in some communities. Based on the Air Quality Health Index (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, fine particulate matter), the risk from ambient air quality to human health from some pollutants was calculated to be low 96% to 98% of the time depending upon monitoring location, moderate 1% to 3.4%, high ≤ 0.4%, and very high ≤ 0.2% of the year. In a highly regulated setting like the Alberta oil sands, it is critical for stakeholders to quantify the spatial influences of emission source types to explain any consequential environmental effects. Source apportionment studies successfully matched source chemical fingerprints with those measured in terrestrial lichens throughout the region. Forensic receptor modeling showed source types contributing to elemental concentrations in the lichens included combustion processes (~23%), tailing sand (~19%), haul roads and limestone (~15%), oil sand and processed materials (~15%), and a general anthropogenic urban source (~15%). Re-suspended fugitive dust from operations, tailings dikes, quarrying, on-road transportation, and land clearing was found to contribute enrichment to a much greater degree than the hitherto assumed combustion source type.SOMMAIREEn 2010, il y avait 91 projets d’extraction en cours dans les sables bitumineux de l’Athabasca en Alberta, soit dans le secteur où la Wood Buffalo Environmental Association mesure la qualité de l'air et les répercussions sur les milieux de vie. En 2012, les concentrations dans l'air ambiant de dioxyde de soufre, le dioxyde d'azote et d'ammoniac n’ont pas dépassé les niveaux fixés par l’Alberta Ambient Air Quality Objectives. Il y a eu 1 dépassement de ces objectifs pour la concentration de l'ozone au niveau du sol, et 62 dépassements pour la concentration des particules fines d'un diamètre aérodynamique ≤ 2,5 micromètres. Il y a eu 170 dépassements pour la concentration du sulfure d’hydrogène pendant 1 heure / du seuil de l’odeur total de soufre réduit. Le nombre des dépassements horaires a diminué depuis 2009, mais les odeurs demeurent un grave problème dans certaines communautés. En fonction de la Cote air santé (ozone, dioxyde d'azote, particules fines), le risque de la qualité de l'air ambiant pour la santé humaine de certains polluants a été qualifiée de faible pour 96 % à 98 % des cas selon lieu de la mesure, de modérée dans 1 % à 3,4 %, plus élevé dans ≤ 0,4% des cas, et de très élevé dans ≤ 0,2% de l’année. Dans un cadre très réglementé comme celui des sables bitumineux de l'Alberta, il est essentiel pour les parties prenantes de quantifier spatialement les répercussions des divers types de sources d'émissions dans le but d’expliquer les conséquences sur les milieux de vie. Les études d’attribution des sources ont très bien recoupé celles des empreintes chimiques des sources mesurées dans les lichens terrestres dans toute la région. La modélisation par récepteurs forensiques a montré que les types de sources qui contribuent aux concentrations élémentaires dans les lichens proviennent des procédés de combustion (~ 23%), des sables résiduels (~ 19%), des routes de transport et du calcaire (~ 15%), des sables bitumineux et des matériaux transformés (~ 15%) et d’une source urbaine anthropique générale (~ 15%). On a établi que les poussières diffuses remises en suspension provenant de l'exploitation, les digues de résidus, les carrières, le transport routier et le défrichement contribuent à l’augmentation de la concentration à un degré beaucoup plus élevé que la combustion, qu’on ne l’avait estimé jusqu’à présent.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2013.40.014

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Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Epiphytic Lichens for Receptor Modeling in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR): A Pilot Study

Cited by 37 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by lichen transplants: Comparison with gas-phase passive air samplers

Geoscience of Climate and Energy 11. Ambient Air Quality and Linkage to Ecosystems in the Athabasca Oil Sands, Alberta

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Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Epiphytic Lichens for Receptor Modeling in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR): A Pilot Study

Cited by 37 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of PM2.5 and PM10 fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Characterization of PM2.5 and PM10 fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by lichen transplants: Comparison with gas-phase passive air samplers

Geoscience of Climate and Energy 11. Ambient Air Quality and Linkage to Ecosystems in the Athabasca Oil Sands, Alberta

Contact Info

Product

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Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region

Characterization of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ fugitive dust source profiles in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region