Measurement of mobility spectrum and concentration of all atmospheric ions with a single apparatus

Abstract

It is shown that for a given mobili-acteristic curve gives the measure of this number ty distribution in an air sample a single univer-concentration [Israel, 1931].

Diurnal and Seasonal Air Ion Variability at Rural Station Ramanandnagar (17°2'N, 74°E), India

“…At Pune during the early morning, wind flows from the hills to city, therefore early morning maxima of air ions are observed. Decreased wind speed and solar radiation intensity during the night reduce vertical atmospheric mixing, and as a result the contribution of local ion sources (radon and gamma radiation) will increase during nighttime and the concentration cluster of ions will increase (Dhanorkar and Kamra, 1991). Each January, radon concentrations peak (Debaje et al, 1996) in which large cluster-ion pairs are produced.…”

The ion–aerosol interactions from the ion mobility and aerosol particle size distribution measurements on January 17 and February 18, 2005 at Maitri, Antarctica – A case study

“…Time periods of making measurements of a mobility spectrum and total number of ions of positive or negative polarity, N + or N − , during that period are also shown in each panel. Total number concentrations of ions are 3-7 times lower than those observed at a tropical land station (Dhanorkar and Kamra 1991). However, these concentrations are roughly of the same order of magnitude as at the mid-latitude station (Horrak et al 2003).…”

“…Dhanorkar and Kamra (1991) have extended Whipple's method to obtain a single characteristic curve by varying voltage of the inner electrode while maintaining constant airflow, during the observation period.…”

“…So, a knowledge of ion mobility spectrum provides useful information to understand the interactions of ions and aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere (Misaki et al 1972;Hoppel 1977;Dhanorkar and Kamra 1991;Horrak et al 2003;Siingh et al 2005a), in characterizing the freshly nucleated charged particles with diameters less than 3 nm (Horrak et al 1998;Kulmala et al 2004Kulmala et al , 2007Hirsikko et al 2007;Gagne et al 2008;Yu 2010), in linking the electrical parameters to chemical properties of the atmosphere (Nagato and Ogawa 1998), and in understanding the interactions between the air and snow (Siingh et al 2007a). Consequently, the characteristic features of the electrically charged atmospheric aerosol particles and of the global electric circuit are emerging as increasingly important areas in assessing the direct and indirect aerosol climate forcing for understanding climate system (e.g., Rycroft et al 2000;Tinsley 2000Tinsley , 2008Singh et al 2004Singh et al , 2011Siingh et al 2005bSiingh et al , 2007bSiingh et al , 2008Siingh et al , 2011Kirkby 2007;Williams 2009;Siingh and Singh 2010).…”

Measurements of the ion concentrations and conductivity over the Arabian Sea during the ARMEX

“…Table 1 shows the mobility and particle size ranges covered by the small‐, intermediate‐, and large‐ion condensers. The ion counter is similar to that described by Dhanorkar and Kamra [1991]. It need be mentioned here that transfer functions for three ion groups will determine the precise discrimination of mobility groups in three ion counters.…”