Gears are widely used in motion transmission in machines. For this reason, they work in very difficult conditions. Some damage may occur in the gears depending on the operating conditions. These damages are bending fatigue, pitting, micropitting, scuffing, and wear. This study investigates surface fatigue damages by keeping fixed the material of test gear teeth, rotation speed, lubricating oil, and the applied load, and changing the operating temperatures of oil. In experimental studies, pre-and post-test weights of gear teeth samples were established, surface roughnesses were measured, and micrograph examinations were carried out on teeth surface. As a result, surface roughness and wear were established to increase in proportion to the rise in temperature of oil. Maximum pitting size was measured at about 870 µm at 90 ºC oil temperature, and the lowest pitting size was measured as approximately 450 µm in tests performed at 30 ºC.