Measurement of material degradation in dependence of shear rate, temperature, and residence time

Schall, Christoph; Schöppner, Volker

doi:10.1002/pen.25887

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…During the processing, including velocity and pressure variations, materials undergo significant stress variations. These stresses may induce molecular degradation, thereby impacting the flow behavior and negatively influencing the properties of the final product [31]. However, for ABS, an additional optimization of the PBAM process is still desired [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Degradation Mechanisms, Quality, and Energy Usage for Pellet- and Filament-Based Material Extrusion for Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Recycled Polymer Matrices

Baddour,

Fiorillo,

Trossaert

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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Short carbon fiber (sCF)-based polymer composite parts enable one to increase in the material property range for additive manufacturing (AM) applications. However, room for technical and material improvement is still possible, bearing in mind that the commonly used fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique is prone to an extra filament-making step. Here, we compare FFF with direct pellet additive manufacturing (DPAM) for sCF-based composites, taking into account degradation reactions, print quality, and energy usage. On top of that, the matrix is based on industrial waste polymers (recycled polycarbonate blended with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer and recycled propylene), additives are explored, and the printing settings are optimized, benefiting from molecular, rheological, thermal, morphological, and material property analyses. Despite this, DPAM resulted in a rougher surface finish compared to FFF and can be seen as a faster printing technique that reduces energy consumption and molecular degradation. The findings help formulate guidelines for the successful DPAM and FFF of sCF-based composite materials in view of better market appreciation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Degradation Mechanisms, Quality, and Energy Usage for Pellet- and Filament-Based Material Extrusion for Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Recycled Polymer Matrices

Baddour,

Fiorillo,

Trossaert

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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“…Preliminary studies by the chair for plastics processing KTP (Kunststofftechnik Paderborn) have dealt with changes in the molar mass of polyolefins during single-screw extrusion [ 14 , 15 , 16 ] and twin-screw extrusion [ 17 , 18 ] as well as the degradation of PET on a twin-screw extruder [ 19 , 20 ]. The local process events in the extruder were characterised by the local temperature, shear load, and residence time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material-Preserving Extrusion of Polyamide on a Twin-Screw Extruder

et al. 2023

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In the context of plastics recycling, plastics are processed several times. With each new melting and extrusion the plastic is damaged, which can have a negative effect on product properties. To counteract material damage, special additives such as chain extenders can be used, which are intended to lead to post-polymerization during processing. A linear chain extension is important here, as branching and crosslinking can lead to uncontrolled changes in the plastic’s properties. To investigate the suitability of specialized linear chain extenders for polyamides, a polyamide-6 was processed several times and the molar mass distribution was evaluated after each extrusion cycle. Three series of tests were carried out. First, the plastic was regranulated five times without additives and twice with different concentrations of chain extenders on a twin-screw extruder. The results of the study show that not only can molar mass degradation be prevented with the appropriate additive, it is even possible to achieve a material buildup during processing. In our experiments, the polydispersity of the molar mass distribution remained nearly identical despite multiple extrusions. Thus, reactive extrusion makes it possible for the corresponding plastics to be processed several times without the molar mass decreasing. If a sufficiently pure material flow can be ensured during recycling, the number of possible reprocessings of the plastic can be significantly increased without the need to add virgin material.

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Degradation of starch-based bioplastic bags in the pelagic and benthic zones of the Gulf of Oman

Abed,

Al-Hinai,

Al-Balushi

et al. 2023

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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Measurement of material degradation in dependence of shear rate, temperature, and residence time

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Comparing Degradation Mechanisms, Quality, and Energy Usage for Pellet- and Filament-Based Material Extrusion for Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Recycled Polymer Matrices

Comparing Degradation Mechanisms, Quality, and Energy Usage for Pellet- and Filament-Based Material Extrusion for Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Recycled Polymer Matrices

Material-Preserving Extrusion of Polyamide on a Twin-Screw Extruder

Degradation of starch-based bioplastic bags in the pelagic and benthic zones of the Gulf of Oman

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