Measurement of long-range angular correlations and azimuthal anisotropies in high-multiplicity 
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 collisions at 
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 GeV

Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Aoki, Kazuo; Apadula, N.; Asano, H.; Ayuso, C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bandara, N. S.; Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Blau, D.; Boër, M.; Bok, Jeongsu; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bumazhnov, V.; Butler, C.; Campbell, S.; Roman, V. Canoa; Cervantes, R.; Y., C.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J.; Citron, Z. H.; Connors, M.; Cronin, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Danley, T. W.; Daugherity, M.; David, G.; DeBlasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dion, A.; Dixit, Dhruv Utpalkumar; H., J.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Dumančić, M.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Elder, T.; Enokizono, A.; En’yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Fadem, B.; Fan, W.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Fokin, S.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukuda, Y.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Goto, Y.; Grau, N.; Greene, S.; Perdekamp, M. Grosse; Gunji, T.; Guragain, H.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; He, X.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hill, J. C.; Hill, K. K.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Imai, K.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Ito, Yuta; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jezghani, M.; Ji, Z.; Jiang, X.; Johnson, B. M.; Jorjadze, V.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kang, J. H.; Kapukchyan, D.; Karthas, S.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E. J.; Kim, M. H.; Kim, M.; Kincses, D.; Kistenev, E.; Klatsky, J.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kotov, D.; Kudo, S.; Kurita, K.; Kwon, Y.; Lajoie, J. G.; Lallow, E. O.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, S.; Leitch, M. J.; Leung, Y. H.; Lewis, N. A.; Li, X.; Lim, Sanghoon; Liu, L. D.; Liu, M. X.; Loggins, V.-R.; Lovasz, K.; Lynch, D.; Majoros, T.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Malaev, M.; Manko, V.; Mannel, E.; Masuda, Hiroaki; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Mendoza, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mihalik, D. E.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitsuka, G.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Morrow, S. I.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Nagai, K.; Nagashima, K.; Nagashima, T.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Niida, T.; Nouicer, R.; Novák, T.; Novitzky, N.; Novotny, R.; Nyanin, A.; O’Brien, E.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Koop, J. D. Orjuela; Osborn, J. D.; Öskarsson, A.; Ottino, G. J.; Ozawa, K.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, J. S.; Park, S.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, M.; Peng, W.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Lara, C. E. Perez; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Phipps, M. W.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Pun, A.; Purschke, M. L.; Read, K. F.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richford, D.; Rinn, Timothy Thomas; Rolnick, S. D.; Rosati, M.; Rowan, Z.; Runchey, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, Kazuki; Sato, Susumu; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seidl, R.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shein, I.; Shibata, T. A.; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shioya, T.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A. M.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Slunečka, M.; Smith, K.; Snowball, M.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, Soren Pontoppidan; Sourikova, I. V.; Stankus, P. W.; Stoll, S. P.; Sugitate, T.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Syed, S.; Sziklai, J.; Takeda, Atsushi; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Tarnai, G.; Tieulent, R.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Tomášek, M.; Towell, C. L.; Towell, R. S.; Tserruya, I.; Ueda, Y.; Ujvári, B.; Hecke, H. W. van; Vazquez-Carson, S.; Velkovska, J.; Virius, M.; Vrba, V.; Vukman, N.; Wang, X. R.; Wang, Z.; Watanabe, Y.; Wong, C. P.; Woody, C. L.; Xu, C.; Xu, Q. H.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, Hiroshi; Yanovich, A.; Yin, P.; Yoo, J.; Yoon, I.; Yu, H.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zelenski, A.; Zharko, S.; Zou, L.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.95.034910

Cited by 57 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The measurements were performed in the 0-5% centrality class of events in each of the three systems. They significantly improve the precision and reach of previous measurements [5][6][7] and strongly confirm the system size dependence of the functions v 2 (p ⊥ ) and v 3 (p ⊥ ), where p ⊥ is the measured transverse momentum of charged hadrons.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

Hierarchy of Azimuthal Anisotropy Harmonics in Collisions of Small Systems from the Color Glass Condensate

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate that the striking systematics of two-particle azimuthal Fourier harmonics v_{2} and v_{3} in ultrarelativistic collisions of protons, deuterons, and helium-3 ions off gold nuclei measured by the PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is reproduced in the color glass condensate effective field theory. This contradicts the claim in C. Aidala et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), arXiv:1805.02973, that their data rule out initial state-based explanations. The underlying systematics of the effect, as discussed previously in K. Dusling, M. Mace, R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. D 97, 016014 (2018)PRVDAQ2470-001010.1103/PhysRevD.97.016014; Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 042002 (2018)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.042002; Proc. Sci., QCDEV2017 (2018) 039, arise from the differing structure of strong color correlations between gluon domains of size 1/Q_{S} at fine (p_{⊥}⪆Q_{S}) or coarser (p_{⊥}⪅Q_{S}) transverse momentum resolution. Further tests of the limits of validity of this framework can be carried out in light-heavy ion collisions at both RHIC and the Large Hadron Collider. Such measurements also offer novel opportunities for further exploration of the role of the surprisingly large short-range nuclear correlations measured at Jefferson Lab.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Hierarchy of Azimuthal Anisotropy Harmonics in Collisions of Small Systems from the Color Glass Condensate

et al. 2018

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“…injecting different initial-state asymmetries through p, d, and 3 He projectiles incident on Au nuclei at RHIC (76)(77)(78). Figure 4a shows that the various projectiles result in initial conditions that are dominantly circular, elliptical, and triangular for p, d, and 3 He projectiles, respectively.…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Nagle

Zajc

2018

Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.

286

207

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The bulk motion of nuclear matter at the ultrahigh temperatures created in heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider is well described in terms of nearly inviscid hydrodynamics, thereby establishing this system of quarks and gluons as the most perfect fluid in nature. A revolution in the field is under way, spearheaded by the discovery of similar collective, fluid-like phenomena in much smaller systems including p + p, p + A, d+Au, and 3 He+Au collisions. We review these exciting new observations and their profound implications for hydrodynamic descriptions of small and/or out-of-equilibrium systems.

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“…Indeed, it is not possible to correlate clearly the collision geometry, the size of the fireball and the amount of produced particle. The centrality determination in small systems is based on the measured particle multiplicity and loses its strong link to the collision impact parameter [54][55][56][57]. This implies new efforts from theoretical simulations in order to compare their results to experimental measurements and to make predictions that can be easily verified.…”

Section: Properties Of P+au Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of electromagnetic fields in proton-nucleus collisions at relativistic energy

et al. 2020

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We study proton-gold collisions at RHIC energy √ sNN = 200 GeV within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) off-shell transport approach, investigating the influence of the intense electromagnetic fields generated in these small systems. We show the space-time evolution of the magnetic and electric components, emphasizing the huge values of the latter one, in particular the electric field Ex along the impact parameter direction whose magnitude is comparable to the magnetic field By perpendicular to the reaction plane. We find a fair agreement of the charged particle pseudorapidity density of the high-multiplicity events with respect to the experimental result of the PHENIX Collaboration. Focusing on the most central collision, we show rapidity distributions and spectra as well as the flow coefficients v1 and v2 and we discuss the impact of the electromagnetic fields on identified particle observables. We compute the directed flow v1 of π + , π − , K + , K − for collisions at fixed impact parameter and predict that an electromagnetically-induced splitting in the v1 of positively and negatively charged particles is generated in the Au-going side of p+Au reaction mainly driven by the huge Ex component. We find that this effect is stronger for the strange mesons and increases for increasing impact parameter. Furthermore, we highlight the amount of directed flow generated in the deconfined phase, finding that it constitutes the main contribution in the central rapidity region, especially for kaons. Thus, we support the idea that the directed flow is a promising probe for the electromagnetic fields generated in relativistic nuclear collisions and show that in proton-induced reactions the electric component along the impact parameter axis is the primary origin of a charge-odd v1 of pions and kaons.

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Measurement of long-range angular correlations and azimuthal anisotropies in high-multiplicity p+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Cited by 57 publications

References 42 publications

Hierarchy of Azimuthal Anisotropy Harmonics in Collisions of Small Systems from the Color Glass Condensate

Hierarchy of Azimuthal Anisotropy Harmonics in Collisions of Small Systems from the Color Glass Condensate

Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Influence of electromagnetic fields in proton-nucleus collisions at relativistic energy

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