Measurement of in-vehicle volatile organic compounds under static conditions

You, Kewei; Ge, Yunshan; Hu, Bin; Zhou, Neng-Fa; Zhao, Suisheng; Zhang, Yanni; Peng, Xie

doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60197-1

Cited by 70 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Identification was confirmed for 65 compounds determined in vehicles from their chromatographic retention times and mass spectra ( Table 1). Concentration of all VOC id obtained from FID were calculated in toluene equivalent (µg/m 3 ), meaning that they were calculated against the standard toluene curve (You et al, 2007;Buters et al, 2007). The group of aliphatic hydrocarbons included alkanes and alkenes, while cycloalkanes were regarded as a separate class of compounds.…”

Section: Gas Chromatographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The materials which are the main sources of VOCs emission include hard plastics, elastomers, rubber, natural or synthetic leather, fabrics and fibres; all of them may be mentioned in connection with this issue (Chien, 2007;Fedoruk & Kerger, 2003;Grabbs et al, 2000;Mandalakis et al, 2008;Yoshida & Matsunaga, 2006;Yoshida et al, 2006a;You et al, 2007). The interior trim materials (leather or fabric) significantly affects VOCs levels within a vehicle (Chien, 2007;Kalman et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of VOCs observed depends mostly on interior temperature, humidity, ventilation, age and the general condition of vehicle (Chien, 2007;Faber et al, 2012;Fedoruk & Kerger, 2003;Mandalakis et al, 2008;Rahman & Kim, 2012;Yoshida et al, 2006a;Yoshida & Matsunaga, 2006;You et al, 2007). Interior temperature seems to be an especially important factor influencing VOCs emission, because during summer days the temperature in car cabin may exceed 65ºC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another investigation, Yoshida and Matsunaga (2006) determined as many as 161 organic compounds, but they tested only one private car. You et al (2007) identified 82 compounds in a single new car; 61 compounds in a one year-old car and 36 compounds in a five year-old car. Chien (2007) investigated 12 of the most often detected compounds in five different, new vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fedoruk and Kerger (2003) found that the main pollutants inside the two new cars they tested included toluene, phenol, methyldecanes and styrene. You et al (2007) reported that the main group of pollutants in a new vehicle were alkanes and aromatic compounds, with decane and m,p-xylene concentrations of 345 µg/m 3 and 350 µg/m 3 at the highest concentration levels, respectively. Yoshida and Matsunaga (2006) also identified aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons as the main groups of pollutants with a concentration of 6011.7 and 5946.8 µg/m 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Air Pollution by VOCs Inside the Cabins of New Vehicles

Faber¹,

Brodzik²,

Gołda-Kopek³

et al. 2014

ENRR

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Air composition inside the cabins of nine new vehicles of the same model, but with different interior equipments and materials used, was examined. Air samples were collected short after vehicles' production date. None of the vehicle was driven before sampling. Air pollution was assessed on the basis of the concentration of different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and total VOC. Since only new vehicles were under study, it can be stated that different VOCs, present in vehicle cabin, were emitted from interior materials. The main aim of the present work was to answer the question about the representativeness of collected air samples and intra-model variability of VOCs concentrations. Air samples were collected by an active method onto duplicate Carbograph 1TD and Tenax TA sorbents. VOCs were thermally desorbed and analyzed with the use of the TD-GC-FID/MS method. Quantitative and qualitative analyses as well as statistical calculations were performed. Total VOCs concentration ranged from 1.5 to 2.1 mg/m 3 in vehicles tested. About 200 different organic compounds were detected in each vehicle interior. Strong linear correlation was observed for concentrations of some kind of compounds.

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Section: Gas Chromatographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparison of Air Pollution by VOCs Inside the Cabins of New Vehicles

Faber¹,

Brodzik²,

Gołda-Kopek³

et al. 2014

ENRR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effect of resin content and substrate on the emission of BTEX and carbonyls from low-VOC water-based wall paint

Zhao¹,

Cheng

Lin

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The primary aim of this work is to explore the effect of resin content and the effect of substrate on the emission of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and carbonyls from low-VOC water-based wall paint. Four low-volatile organic compound (VOC) paints include paints A (20% acrylic), B (30% acrylic), C (20% polyvinyl acetate), and D (30% polyvinyl acetate) were painted on stainless steel specimen for the study of resin effect. Green calcium silicate, green cement, and stainless steel were painted with paints A and C for the study of substrate effect. Concentrations of the VOCs in the chamber decreased with the elapsed time. Both resin type and resin quantity in paint had effects on VOC emissions. Paints with acrylic resin emitted less BTEX and carbonyls than paints with polyvinyl acetate resin. However, the effects of resin quantity varied with VOCs. Porous substrates were observed to interact more strongly with paints than inert substrates. Both green calcium silicate and green cement substrates have strong power of adsorption of VOCs from wall paints, namely toluene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 2-butanone, methacrolein, butyraldehyde, and benzaldehyde. Some compounds like toluene, formaldehyde, and butyaldehyde were desorbed very slowly from green calcium silicate and green cement substrates.

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Characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds emitted from interior materials in vehicles: a case study from Nanjing, China

Xing

Wang

Zhang

2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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It has become a great habit for driving to work in people's daily life in China. In order to understand the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vehicles and the health risks related to inhalation exposure to VOCs, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and health risks posed by VOCs emitted from interior materials in vehicles. A total of 47 of 62 VOCs were studied, using 23 randomly selected vehicles of different brands in Nanjing city, China. The potential cancer and non-cancer health risks associated with VOC inhalation were assessed based on conventional approaches proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The mean concentration of total VOCs was 1126.85 μg/m, with a range of 321.29 to 2321.94 μg/m. Of these, halohydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons were the dominant components of the detected VOCs. The concentrations of several individual VOC exceeded more than 100 μg/m. The individual mean cancer risks for the 17 health-related VOCs ranged from 4.64 × 10 to 1.09 × 10, with a cumulative risk of 1.61 × 10. The mean cancer risks associated with naphthalene, chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2-dibromoethylene were 1.09 × 10, 1.61 × 10, 1.11 × 10, and 1.07 × 10, respectively. These risks are higher than the acceptable risk levels defined by the USEPA and the World Health Organization (WHO). Of these, naphthalene was regarded as having a "definite risk"; chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2-dibromoethylene were regarded as having a "probable risk"; and 1,2-dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride were regarded as having "possible risk." The individual mean non-cancer risks associated with 28 health-related VOCs and total VOCs were within acceptable ranges; naphthalene was the dominant pollutant.

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Measurement of in-vehicle volatile organic compounds under static conditions

Cited by 70 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of Air Pollution by VOCs Inside the Cabins of New Vehicles

Comparison of Air Pollution by VOCs Inside the Cabins of New Vehicles

Effect of resin content and substrate on the emission of BTEX and carbonyls from low-VOC water-based wall paint

Characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds emitted from interior materials in vehicles: a case study from Nanjing, China

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