Measurement of forces between two mica surfaces in aqueous polyethylene oxide solution

Initial Stage Dynamics of Bridging Flocculation of Polystyrene Latex Spheres with Polyethylene Oxide

“…[2]. For the latter, although we are not able to deny completely its possibility, as was pointed out by our previous work, the time scale involved in the present study is much shorter than the time scale of hysteresis due to the formation of PEO aggregate observed in the surface force measurement (25)(26)(27). It should also be noted that Polverali and van de Ven (29) reported that hydrodynamic layer thickness decreased when the measurement was performed in the presence of PEO aggregate in the solution.…”

“…The two reasons that can be considered so far are the extension of PEO molecules by fluid shear (24) and the formation of PEO aggregates (9,(25)(26)(27). For the former, it should be noted that the critical shear rate above which a polymer chain yields to the stretched form is much higher than the effective shear rate estimated using Eq.…”

Forces and force-scaling in systems of adsorbing nanoparticles as measured using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy

“…The Derjaguin approximation has been shown to be accurate for a variety of colloidal interactions, including electrostatic forces, the non-retarded van der Waals force, polymer induced forces, adhesion, and depletion forces, provided the assumptions used in its derivation are met [1,19,[31][32][33][34]. Deviations from the approximation have been observed, for example, when the radius of curvature of the interacting surfaces is smaller than the characteristic length of the interaction [35].…”

Initial stage of bridging flocculation of PSL particles induced by an addition of polyelectrolyte under high ionic strength

“…It should be noted the values are several times larger than the size of polyelectrolyte obtained by viscometry and DLS. The two reasons that can be considered so far are the stretching of polyelectrolyte molecules by fluid shear [21] and the formation of polyelectrolyte aggregates [22][23][24]. For the former, it should be noted that the critical shear rate above which a polymer chain yields to the stretched form is much higher than the effective shear rate.…”