Measurement of fecal steroids in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) using group-specific enzyme immunoassays for 20-oxo-pregnanes

Schwarzenberger, Franz; Tomášová, Kristina; Holečková, Dana; Matern, B.; Möstl, Erich

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2361(1996)15:2<159::aid-zoo6>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 112 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Concentrations of immunoreactive steroids were determined with antibodies against Cortisol, Corticosterone and 5b-pregnane-3a-ol-20-one (5b-20-one EIA; Schwarzenberger et al, 1996). In addition, the HPLC fractions of the separated inner and outer regions were analysed with an antibody against 5a-pregnane-3b-ol-20-one (5a-20-one EIA; Schwarzenberger et al, 1996), to cover different gestagen metabolites. Recovery from the extraction was 87 ± 4% for progesterone, 83 ± 3% for pregnenolone and 90 ± 4% for corticosterone, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestagens and glucocorticoids in chicken eggs

Rettenbacher

Möstl

Groothuis

2009

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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a b s t r a c tAvian eggs contain a variety of steroid hormones, which have been attributed as a tool for maternal phenotypic engineering. The majority of studies focuses on androgens, but also significant amounts of progesterone as well as other steroid hormones have been measured. The question if corticosterone is also present in eggs of chickens is currently under debate. The only analytical validation performed so far has failed to demonstrate corticosterone in the yolk of chickens, suggesting that antibodies for corticosterone measurement cross-react with other steroids present in the yolk. In order to investigate this assumption and to characterise potential cross-reacting hormones in more detail, we performed high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analyses of chicken yolk extracts and determined the concentration of immunoreactive corticosterone, progesterone and cortisol.The progesterone antibody revealed several immunoreactive substances, including progesterone, pregnenolone and two substances with lower polarity. The corticosterone enzyme immunoassay detected immunoreactive substances at exactly the same elution positions as the progesterone assay and a very small peak at the elution position of corticosterone. Immunoreactive cortisol was not found. In addition, inner and outer regions of the yolk sphere were analysed separately via HPLC. We found different concentrations of immunoreactive substances between the inner and outer yolk regions, probably reflecting the steroidogenic activity of the follicle cells during oocyte growth. We conclude that in homogenised yolk extracts without previous clean-up, the measured corticosterone concentrations may actually reflect those of progesterone and its precursors, most probably being 5a-and 5b-pregnanes and pregnenolone.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestagens and glucocorticoids in chicken eggs

Rettenbacher

Möstl

Groothuis

2009

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…Resulting extracts were measured for immunoreactive faecal androgen metabolites (FAM) and faecal progestagen metabolites (FPM) using enzyme immunoassays for epiandrosterone (Palme & Möstl 1993) and 5b-pregnane-3a-ol-20-one (Schwarzenberger et al 1996), respectively. Sensitivities (90% binding) of the assays were of 3 pg/well for both assays.…”

Section: Hormone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…obs.). However, repeated sampling for hormone analysis is often mandatory in order to accurately predict and monitor reproductive processes such as seasonality, ovulation, cycle length, or pregnancy (Schwarzenberger et al 1996;Hodges et al 2010). As frequent collection of blood for hormone analysis has proven challenging especially in free-ranging non-domesticated animals, as well as comparatively small species like many rodents including Acomys, alternative sampling methods have often been developed for species where repeated blood collection is not feasible (Cavigelli et al 2005;Valades et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of reproductive function in southern African spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus) using faeces as hormone matrix

Bruin¹,

Medger²,

Bennett³

et al. 2014

African Zoology

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For spiny mice, detailed long-term data on reproductive endocrine function is lacking, as limited blood volumes make frequent collections of individual plasma samples for hormone monitoring impractical. To provide the necessary tools in order to fill this gap, this study examined the suitability of two enzyme immunoassays for monitoring male and female reproductive function in the southern African spiny mouse (Acomys spinosissimus) based on faecal hormone analysis. Fourteen non-pregnant and one pregnant female and 24 male spiny mice were wild-caught and subsequently monitored under controlled conditions. Thirteen of the 14 non-pregnant females revealed elevated faecal progestagen metabolite concentrations with eight individuals showing indications of a luteal phase. Two females showed two post-ovulatory luteal phases with estimated cycle lengths of 16 and 18 days, respectively. The pregnant female had an elevated (231%) mean faecal progestagen metabolite level compared with the overall mean baseline hormone concentration determined for the 14 non-pregnant females. Males exposed to a long photoperiod, simulating summer-related breeding activity, exhibited a 47.8% increase in faecal androgen metabolite levels compared with males exposed to a short photoperiod. Collectively, the data demonstrated that reproductive endocrine function can be monitored in male and female spiny mice by measuring respective faecal hormone metabolites.

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“…Extracts were centrifuged for 2 min at 1500g after which the supernatant were decanted into micro-centrifuge tubes and frozen at -20°C until analysis. Faecal extracts were measured for immunoreactive progestagen metabolite (FPM) concentrations using an enzyme immunoassay for 5ß-pregnane-3a-ol-20-one (Schwarzenberger et al, 1996). The assays were performed on microtiter plates according to the procedure described by Ganswindt et al (2002).…”

Section: Hormone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The pattern of ovulation in the southern African spiny mouse (Acomys spinosissimus)

et al. 2014

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Running title: Ovulation in Acomys spinosissimusAbstract: The pattern of ovulation in mammals is generally considered to be either spontaneous or induced by coitus. The present study aimed to assess the pattern of ovulation in the southern African spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus). Females were divided into three treatments differing in the degree of contact with a male. Control females had no contact with males, separated females had only chemical, auditory and visual contact with a male as the sexes were separated with wire mesh and paired females had full contact with a vasectomized male and copulations were possible. Each treatment consisted of seven females and the ovarian mass, the number of primary, secondary/tertiary and Graafian follicles as well as presence of corpora lutea were compared between the three treatments. Faecal progestagen metabolite (FPM) concentrations were analysed for every second day throughout the experiment and they were used to determine luteal phases and oestrous cycles. Corpora lutea were found in both the control and the paired treatment indicating that ovulation also occurred in the absence of coitus. There was also no effect of treatment on ovarian mass or follicle numbers. In contrast, only females in the separated and paired treatments exhibited luteal phases and oestrous cycles. Especially at the beginning of the experiment, FPM concentrations were higher in those two groups than the control. The results indicate that A. spinosissimus appears to ovulate spontaneously, although physical as well as olfactory male cues appear to be of great importance to enhance reproductive efforts of females.

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Measurement of fecal steroids in the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) using group-specific enzyme immunoassays for 20-oxo-pregnanes

Cited by 112 publications

References 23 publications

Gestagens and glucocorticoids in chicken eggs

Gestagens and glucocorticoids in chicken eggs

Assessment of reproductive function in southern African spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus) using faeces as hormone matrix

The pattern of ovulation in the southern African spiny mouse (Acomys spinosissimus)

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