Measurement of Entrance Surface Dose on an Anthropomorphic Thorax Phantom Using a Miniature Fiber-Optic Dosimeter

Yoo, Wook Jae; Shin, Sang Hun; Jeon, Dasom; Hong, Seoung‐Jin; Sim, Hyeok In; Kim, Seon Geun; Jang, Kyoung Won; Cho, Seung-Hyun; Youn, Won Sik; Lee, Bongsoo

doi:10.3390/s140406305

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As a sensing element of a dosimeter probe, a PSF (BCF-12, Saint-Gobain Ceramic & Plastics, Hiram, OH, USA) was used to produce scintillating light with an emission peak in the blue range owing to X-rays. As an organic scintillator, BCF-12 is the most commonly used PSF in FOD [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. This PSF has a core/single-clad structure and a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 1 mm.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifth, a subminiature type A (SMA) 905 connector was installed at the proximal end of the POF to enable the dosimeter probe to be connected with a photon-counting device. Lastly, the FOD system was completed by connecting the dosimeter probe with a photon-counting device, a multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) module (C10751-03, Hamamatsu Photonics, Hamamatsu, Japan) with an internal MPPC device (S10362-11-100U, Hamamatsu Photonics) that has high sensitivity in a spectral response range from 320 to 900 nm and a peak sensitivity wavelength of 440 nm [ 7 ]. The output signals from the MPPC module with a threshold level of 0.5 photon equivalent (p.e.)…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to measure the effects of the temperature or X-ray energy variation on the light output signals from the PSF or IR fiber, the laboratory tests were carried out using an experimental setup consisting of an X-ray tube (Rotanode™ E7252X, Toshiba Electron Tubes & Devices, Saitama, Japan) of a digital radiography (DR) system (Clear Vision DR 7000F, JPI Healthcare, Osong, Korea) [ 7 ] and a hotplate with a built-in magnetic stirrer (REXIM RS-6DR, AS-ONE, Osaka, Japan), as illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FODs have been developed in conjunction with various scintillators to distinguish many kinds of radiation and to measure the related energies and dose distribution. Over the past 20 years, fiber-coupled organic scintillators including plastic scintillating fibers (PSFs) have been traditionally used for in situ dose measurement because of their desirable dosimetric qualities, such as a highly water equivalent characteristic, fast decay time, high spatial resolution, minimal perturbation of the radiation field, and the capability of providing real-time dose monitoring for in vivo dosimetry [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Recently, however, there has been considerable research that proves temperature affects the scintillator light output [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Temperature and X-rays on Plastic Scintillating Fiber and Infrared Optical Fiber

Lee

Shin

Jang

et al. 2015

Sensors

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In this study, we have studied the effects of temperature and X-ray energy variations on the light output signals from two different fiber-optic sensors, a fiber-optic dosimeter (FOD) based on a BCF-12 as a plastic scintillating fiber (PSF) and a fiber-optic thermometer (FOT) using a silver halide optical fiber as an infrared optical fiber (IR fiber). During X-ray beam irradiation, the scintillating light and IR signals were measured simultaneously using a dosimeter probe of the FOD and a thermometer probe of the FOT. The probes were placed in a beaker with water on the center of a hotplate, under variation of the tube potential of a digital radiography system or the temperature of the water in the beaker. From the experimental results, in the case of the PSF, the scintillator light output at the given tube potential decreased as the temperature increased in the temperature range from 25 to 60 °C. We demonstrated that commonly used BCF-12 has a significant temperature dependence of −0.263 ± 0.028%/°C in the clinical temperature range. Next, in the case of the IR fiber, the intensity of the IR signal was almost uniform at each temperature regardless of the tube potential range from 50 to 150 kVp. Therefore, we also demonstrated that the X-ray beam with an energy range used in diagnostic radiology does not affect the IR signals transmitted via a silver halide optical fiber.

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Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Temperature and X-rays on Plastic Scintillating Fiber and Infrared Optical Fiber

Lee

Shin

Jang

et al. 2015

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…Therefore, an organic scintillator has nearly water-equivalent characteristics as a sensing element to measure ionizing radiation. (8)(9)(10)(11) The refractive indices of the core and the cladding are 1.60 and 1.49, respectively, and the numerical aperture (NA) is approximately 0.58. The decay time and the emission peak of BCF-20 are 2.7 ns and 492 nm, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an All-in-One Phantom and Scintillator Radiation Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Source Position and Dose Distribution in High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy

2016

Sensors and Materials

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In this study, we developed an all-in-one phantom and scintillator radiation sensor (PSRS) with plastic scintillating fibers which can measure the real-time position and the dose distribution of Ir-192 as a radioactive source employed in high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. As experimental results, we simultaneously obtained information on the shape and position of the Ir-192 as well as the dose distribution. The all-in-one PSRS system has many dosimetric advantages, such as realtime monitoring, wide dose-response range, high spatial resolution, nearly water-equivalence for high-energy photons, and the ability to measure two-dimensional dose distribution.

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Characterization of a plastic scintillating detector for the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP)

et al. 2018

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize a small plastic scintillator developed for high resolution, real-time dosimetry of therapy and imaging x-ray beams delivered by an image-guided small animal irradiator. Materials and Methods: A 1 mm diameter, 1 mm long polystyrene BCF-60 scintillating fiber dosimeter was characterized with 220 kVp therapy and 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 kVp imaging beams on the Small Animal Research Platform (SARRP). Scintillator output, sensitivity (charge per unit dose), linearity, and 0.2-mm resolution beam profile measurements were performed. A validated in-house Monte Carlo (MC) model of the SARRP was used to compute detailed energy spectra at locations of dosimetry, and validated scintillator measurement with MC simulations. Mass energyabsorption coefficients from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) tables convolved with MC-derived spectra were used in conjunction with Birks ionization quenching factors to correct scintillator output. An air kerma calibration method was employed to correct scintillator output for in-air beam profile measurements with open, 5 9 5, and 3 9 3 mm 2 square field sizes, and compared to MC simulations. Results: Scintillator dose response showed excellent linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.999) for all sensitivity measurements, including output as a function of tube current. Detector sensitivity was 2.41 lC Gy À1 for the 220 kVp therapy beam, and it ranged from 1.21 to 1.32 lC Gy À1 for the 40-80 imaging beams. Percentage difference in sensitivity between the therapy and imaging beams before sensitivity correction and after using the Birks quenching factors were 52.3% and 10.2%, respectively. Percentage differences between the therapy and imaging beam sensitivities after using the air kerma calibration method for in-air measurements was excellent and below 0.3%. In-air beam profile measurements agreed to MC simulations within a mean difference of 2.4% for the 5 9 5 and 3 9 3 mm 2 field sizes, however, the scintillator showed signs of volume averaging at the penumbra edges. Conclusions: A small plastic scintillator was characterized for therapy and imaging energies of a small animal irradiator, with output corrected for using an in-house MC model of the irradiator. The characterization of the scintillator detector system for small fields presents steps toward implementing real-time measurements for quality assurance and small animal treatment and imaging dose verification.

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Measurement of Entrance Surface Dose on an Anthropomorphic Thorax Phantom Using a Miniature Fiber-Optic Dosimeter

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of Temperature and X-rays on Plastic Scintillating Fiber and Infrared Optical Fiber

Effects of Temperature and X-rays on Plastic Scintillating Fiber and Infrared Optical Fiber

Development of an All-in-One Phantom and Scintillator Radiation Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Source Position and Dose Distribution in High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy

Characterization of a plastic scintillating detector for the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP)

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