Measurement of electron temperature and density of atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium argon plasma examined with optical emission spectroscopy

Ōnishi, Hiroshi; Yamazaki, Fuminori; Hakozaki, Yoshiro; Takemura, Masaki; Nezu, Atsushi; Akatsuka, Hiroshi

doi:10.35848/1347-4065/abd0c8

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, the temperature of electrons rises signi cantly faster than that of neutral particles. Thus, the temperature of the electrons governs the extent of ionization in the created plasma (Onishi et al, 2021;Yaseen, 2016). This is especially signi cant since plasma ionization is controlled by electron temperature, which is related to ionization energy (Fikry et al, 2020a;Garcimuno et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Impact of Laser Energy on Laser-Induced Copper Plasma Parameters By Spectroscopic Analysis Technique

Abbas

2022

Sci. Technol. Indones

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In this paper, spectroscopic analysis (OES) for copper (Cu) plasma was achieved at atmospheric pressure. Q switched Nd: YAG pulsed laser with a fundamental wavelength (1064 nm), energy range (500-800) mJ, frequency (6 Hz), and laser pulses (10-30 pulses) was applied to induce copper plasma. Based on the spectroscopic analysis, plasma parameters like electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), Debye length (λD), and plasma frequency (fp) have been calculated. The results demonstrated that the laser energy affects all plasma parameters, with an electron temperature (Te) range of (0.6820-0.8949) eV and electron number density (ne) range of (13.667-17.235)×1017 cm−3. Also, the image of the place of laser bombardment of copper (Cu) metal shows three diameters or circles, each circle bears a different color from the other. It can be described as a crater, and the interaction of the laser with copper metal is obvious by laser ablation, and here the effect of the increased energy of the laser appears during the spectroscopic diagnosis and the process of metal bombardment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Impact of Laser Energy on Laser-Induced Copper Plasma Parameters By Spectroscopic Analysis Technique

Abbas

2022

Sci. Technol. Indones

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“…Electron temperature and density are key plasma parameters affecting the synthesis of metal nanoparticles [ 25 , 31 , 32 ]. Energy transfer from the thermally excited electrons to the ions increased due to the high electron densities in the discharged plasma, and the electron cooling rate was high.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dissipated powers of J1, J2, and J3 jets were measured to be 8.9, 8.5, and 4.0 W, respectively, corresponding to unit cycle energy dissipation of 0.28, 0.27, and 0.13 mJ. Electron temperature and density are key plasma parameters affecting the synthesis of metal nanoparticles [25,31,32]. Energy transfer from the thermally excited electrons to the ions increased due to the high electron densities in the discharged plasma, and the electron cooling rate was high.…”

Section: Electrical Characteristics Of Plasma Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Plasma Plume Length on Structural, Optical and Dye Degradation Properties of Citrate-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Plasma-Assisted Reduction

2022

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Citrate-capped silver nanoparticles Ag@Cit NPs were synthesized by a simple plasma-assisted reduction method. Homogenous colloidal Ag@Cit NPs solutions were produced by treating a AgNO3-trisodium citrate-deionized water with an atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet. The plasma-synthesized Ag@Cit NPs exhibited quasi-spherical shape with an average particle diameter of about 5.9−7.5 nm, and their absorption spectra showed surface plasmon resonance peaks at approximately 406 nm. The amount of Ag@Cit NPs increased in a plasma exposure duration-dependent manner. Plasma synthesis of Ag@Cit NPs was more effective in the 8.5 cm plume jet than in the shorter and longer plume jets. A larger amount of Ag@Cit NPs were produced from the 8.5 cm plume jet with a higher pH and a larger number of aqua electrons, indicating that the synergetic effect between plasma electrons and citrate plays an important role in the plasma synthesis of Ag@Cit NPs. Plasma-assisted citrate reduction facilitates the synthesis of Ag@Cit NPs, and citrate-capped nanoparticles are stabilized in an aqueous solution due to their repulsive force. Next, we demonstrated that plasma-synthesized Ag@Cit NPs exhibited a significant degradation of methylene blue dye.

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“…Spectroscopic observations were conducted through a quartz glass window on the side of the chamber. The plasma emission was observed with a spectroscope (B&W Tek; BRC112E‐U 02) calibrated with a standard light source via an optical fiber from a light‐receiving system outside the quartz window [32]. Further details have been previously specified [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Transfer and Thermohydraulic Characteristics of Arc‐Discharge Argon Plasma Plume Injected into Water

Kawamura

Hirotani

Matsuoka

et al. 2022

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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The flow and thermohydraulic characteristics of an atmospheric‐pressure argon arc jet plume injected into water were investigated. The temperature of the underwater plasma plume was measured using optical emission spectroscopy, and the water with a thermocouple. The velocity field of the water induced by the arc‐jet injection was observed using the particle image velocimetry method, which demonstrated that as the discharge current increased, the water flow velocity also increased. The diameter of the plasma plume was observed to be approximately the same as that of the anode nozzle, 6.7 mm. The heat transfer characteristics of the injected arc jet plume to the surrounding water were also investigated. The average velocity of the arc jet plume in the water was estimated based on mass balance to be in the range of 280–2500 m/s as a monotonically decreasing function of the flow distance. The velocity of the underwater arc is found to be subsonic over the entire volume of the plasma plume, however, it is larger than the sound velocity of the water up to 10 mm downward from the plasma nozzle. The resultant Reynolds number of the plasma flow was found to be between 1000 and 2800, indicating the flow was turbulent only at the most upstream region up to 3 mm downward from the nozzle, while it was almost laminar over the whole observed area of the underwater arc plasma plume. The heat transfer characteristics were discussed in terms of the dimensionless numbers. The Nusselt number ranges from approximately ∼3.8 to ∼6.5, which is a reasonable value. Although the existing theories of correlation heat transfer cannot fully explain the relationship between these dimensionless numbers, the correlation proposed by Fiszdon and the one by Lee–Pfender can qualitatively explain the observed results for the upstream region, which include the effects of the variation in the mass density, the viscosity, and the specific heat for a constant pressure of the argon arc plasma. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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Measurement of electron temperature and density of atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium argon plasma examined with optical emission spectroscopy

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Study the Impact of Laser Energy on Laser-Induced Copper Plasma Parameters By Spectroscopic Analysis Technique

Study the Impact of Laser Energy on Laser-Induced Copper Plasma Parameters By Spectroscopic Analysis Technique

Influences of Plasma Plume Length on Structural, Optical and Dye Degradation Properties of Citrate-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Plasma-Assisted Reduction

Heat Transfer and Thermohydraulic Characteristics of Arc‐Discharge Argon Plasma Plume Injected into Water

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