Measurement of dose‐area product with GafChromic XR Type R film

Thomas, George; Li, Yushan; Chu, Robert; Cheung, J.Y.; Maqbool, Feroz; Rabe, Frank; Burns, G. S.

doi:10.1120/jacmp.v6i3.2047

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The uncertainty in the measurement of the length of the pre‐patient collimator could be a fraction of a millimeter. Thus the error introduced to DAP measurement by the pencil ion chamber would be compatible with that of DAP measurement using film (6) . However, the latter is a much more complicated process; it was performed in the present investigation solely for the purpose of verifying the validity of the former method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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GafChromic XR‐QA film in testing panoramic dental radiography

Chu

Lam

Liang

2007

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The location and field size of the incident X‐ray beam in panoramic dental radiography cannot be ascertained visually most of the time. However, these parameters are needed for quality control and dosimetry determination. To alleviate this problem, we tested GafChromic XR‐QA film on two panoramic systems. For each system, we used the length of a cross‐sectional image of the incident beam and the exposure measurement with a pencil ion chamber to compute the dose–area product. The result was confirmed by direct analysis of a dose distribution on a film. Placement of the ion chamber was determined by the latter images. The GafChromic XR‐QA version of radiochromic film has thus been demonstrated to usefully complement a pencil ion chamber in the testing of a panoramic radiography system.PACS numbers: 87.52.Df, 87.59Bh, 87.66.Cd, 87.66Jj

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The radiochromic film was then scanned 5 days post irradiation. Using a previously described method, (6) we converted the red component of the image [Fig. 2(a)] to dose distribution in air kerma [Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GafChromic XR‐QA film in testing panoramic dental radiography

Chu

Lam

Liang

2007

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…According to the ICRP, any medical imaging procedure must be justified based on benefit to the patient. Furthermore, there should be no practice involving exposure to ionizing radiation lest it produces necessary benefit to the exposed individual (Thomas et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method was previously investigated by placing a radiographic film at the output of an X-ray machine and then using a densitometer to measure the film response. Therefore, Radiographic film can record high radiation doses by recording the skin entrance radiation dose (Thomas et al, 2005). An optical densitometer was also used with simple fabricated equipment at the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, to determine radiological parameters such as dose, beam alignment, peak kilovoltage and tube current consistency (Goriya et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densitometric analysis of Radiation Absorbed Dose to Patients Undergoing Chest X-ray Examination in a Government Owned Hospital, Kano-Nigeria

Isa¹,

Ahmad²,

Dambele³

et al. 2022

dujopas

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Chest X-ray is one the most frequently required diagnostic procedures used in clinical practice to produce an image of organs, tissues and bones of the body with a significant impact on collective dose. However, the radiation dose received by patients from this procedure is likely to show large variations within and among radiodiagnostic centres. This could be traced to be lack of imaging protocols and a lack of local or national diagnostic reference levels. Although the radiation doses resulting from the X-ray procedures are usually measured in terms of effective dose entrance surface dose using electronic personal dosimeter (EPD), pocket dosimeter, thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), film badges, and optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD). For the sake of radiation protection, densitometric analysis was used to evaluate medical exposure for chest radiographs to determine the radiation doses using a point optical densitometer; PTW-DensiX with a range of 0 to 4.0 optical density. The hospital where this study was carried out is in Kano State. A total of sixty (60) chest radiographic films were collected from the hospital and the optical density of each radiographic film was measured five times at different spots. The mean optical density was obtained and converted by a mathematical relation to absorbed radiation dose in cGy. The results obtained in this study show that the mean absorbed X-ray dose was 0.78 ± 0.13 cGy and is low compared to the previous study held for hospitals in Osun State. Also, when compared with the excess dose of 0.10 Gy recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, it was evident that radiological practice especially as it relates to chest radiographs at the hospital in Kano is within the recommended practice. Keywords: Absorbed dose, Densitometer, Optical Density, Radiation, X-ray

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Skin Entrance Radiation Dose in an Interventional Radiology Procedure

Chu¹,

Thomas

Maqbool³

2006

Health Physics

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Monitoring of skin entrance radiation exposure in lengthy interventional procedures has been recommended because of the potential for skin injury. Fluoroscopy duration and dose-area product (DAP) are readily available real-time measurements. It would be of interest to study the correlation of these parameters and skin entrance radiation. Twenty neurological interventional procedures performed through the aortic arch were monitored. Two pieces of GafChromic XR Type R film were placed between the patient and the examination table. An observer recorded the fluoroscopy duration and DAP for each phase of the procedure. Each film was scanned post-procedure in RBG mode, and then the image was analyzed for peak skin entrance radiation dose (in air kerma). All DAP values were corrected according to a calibration with an ion chamber. With the DAP values for the respective phases of a procedure, the effective dose in a Reference Man was calculated. For these twenty cases, the means and standard deviations were 17.2+/-6.4 min for x ray on-time, 256+/-65 Gy cm (-2) for DAP, 94+/-34 cGy for peak skin entrance dose in air kerma, and 19.2+/-5.0 mSv for effective dose, respectively. The peak skin entrance dose was correlated to fluoroscopy duration, DAP, and effective dose with the r(2)-values of 0.48, 0.46, and 0.09, respectively. The correlation with DAP or fluoroscopy duration was not sufficiently strong to infer skin entrance dose from either of these parameters. Therefore, skin entrance dose should be determined directly.

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Measurement of dose‐area product with GafChromic XR Type R film

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

GafChromic XR‐QA film in testing panoramic dental radiography

GafChromic XR‐QA film in testing panoramic dental radiography

Densitometric analysis of Radiation Absorbed Dose to Patients Undergoing Chest X-ray Examination in a Government Owned Hospital, Kano-Nigeria

Skin Entrance Radiation Dose in an Interventional Radiology Procedure

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