Measurement of Deep Tissue Implanted Antenna Efficiency Using a Reverberation Chamber

El-Saboni, Yomna; Magill, Matthew K.; Conway, Gareth A.; Cotton, Simon L.; Scanlon, William

doi:10.1109/jerm.2017.2765638

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This relatively deep implantation depth of 75 mm in high water content tissue will provide a worst case measurement of into-body performance, ensuring successful operation in clinical applications. To reduce the effect of cable radiation [25] a small 0603 case style 2.3-2.7 GHz chip balun was placed at the input terminals of the PFMD and the arrangement was such that there was a significant volume of muscle mimicking liquid surrounding the feed cable to dampen spurious cable radiation [26].…”

Section: Background and Cp Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circularly Polarized Dual-Mode Wearable Implant Repeater Antenna With Enhanced Into-Body Gain

Magill

Conway

Scanlon³

2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A wearable stripline-fed circularly polarized dual patch antenna structure that exhibits enhanced into-body gain is presented. The antenna is designed for body-surface repeater solutions and it addresses the problem of marginal into-body deep tissue communication links, where power consumption is of the utmost importance and system link efficiency is critical. Under realistic operation conditions the antenna's circular polarization successfully mitigates implant orientation and polarization mismatch. Polarization loss for linear antennas can be up to 16 dB in anechoic environments and as much as 12.5 dB in a realistic multipath environment, as demonstrated by measured co-and cross-polar forward path gain between implanted and linearly polarized surface antennas. To overcome the body isolating effect of an antenna ground plane and to produce an effective off-body mode, a novel dual aperture stripline feed was developed which also improves the body-mounted antenna radiation efficiency. The antenna provides a 0 dBi off-body gain whilst still maintaining excellent into-body performance. The into-body link was shown to exhibit circular polarization with a maximum isolation of only 1.5 dB between co-and cross-polar measurements in the 2.36-2.4 GHz band. All measurements were carried out using an accurate, next-generation layered phantom tested representative of a wide range of the population.

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Section: Background and Cp Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circularly Polarized Dual-Mode Wearable Implant Repeater Antenna With Enhanced Into-Body Gain

Magill

Conway

Scanlon³

2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…1. The long cylindrical form factor of the layered phantom ensures that the dominating wave propagation from the antenna-phantom system is radial and antenna feed cable radiation effects are minimized [7].…”

Section: A Tissue Mimicking Phantomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two cylinder approach allows for liquid muscle and fat tissue mimicking regions and the skin layer helps investigate a more realistic scenario where there is a high loss dielectric boundary between fat and air. The muscle equivalent material is described in [7] and the fat equivalent liquid used was Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether [8], with both a good match for the parameters in [9] at 2.38 GHz (Table I).…”

Section: A Tissue Mimicking Phantomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Non-Line-of-Sight Channels in an Intra-Body Network at 2.38 GHz

El-Saboni

Zelenchuk

Conway

et al. 2019

2019 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)

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“…1) Implant antenna total radiation efficiency measurements in a reverberation chamber [21]. 2) Implant antenna far-field |S 21 | measurements.…”

Section: Simulation and Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficiency measurements were carried out in a reverberation chamber manufactured by Bluetest.se with a Rohde and Schwarz ZVB-8 Vector Network Analyser (VNA) [21]. The efficiency of each AUT within a model of the phantom testbed was also determined by simulation for both tissue liquid types using Sim4Life.…”

Section: B Implant Antenna Tre Measurements In a Reverberation Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Independent Implantable Antenna for In-Body Communications at 2.36–2.5 GHz

Magill

Conway

Scanlon

2017

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Abstract-In this paper, a compact printed meandered folded dipole antenna with a volume of 114 mm 3 suitable for implantation in a range of different body tissue types with diverse electrical properties is presented for operation in the 2.36 -2.4 GHz MBAN and 2.4 GHz ISM bands. Its performance was verified and compared against that of a wire dipole and slot loaded monopole antenna in an implant phantom testbed containing tissue equivalent liquids representing body tissues with high and low water content. The antenna was shown to maintain its return loss performance in the 2360 -2400 MHz, 2400 -2483.5 MHz and 2483.5 -2500 MHz frequency bands with equivalent or better performance than a fundamental wire dipole despite having approximately half the physical length.Index Terms-medical body area network, implantable medical devices, implantable antenna, body phantom

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Measurement of Deep Tissue Implanted Antenna Efficiency Using a Reverberation Chamber

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Circularly Polarized Dual-Mode Wearable Implant Repeater Antenna With Enhanced Into-Body Gain

Circularly Polarized Dual-Mode Wearable Implant Repeater Antenna With Enhanced Into-Body Gain

Experimental Investigation of Non-Line-of-Sight Channels in an Intra-Body Network at 2.38 GHz

Tissue-Independent Implantable Antenna for In-Body Communications at 2.36–2.5 GHz

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