Measurement of cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra during the 1987 solar minimum

Seo, E. S.; Ormes, J. F.; Streitmatter, R. E.; Stochaj, S. J.; Jones, W. V.; Stephens, S. A.; Bowen, T.

doi:10.1086/170477

Cited by 141 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…For comparision with balloon measurements [21,23,53,54] the data has been scaled by E 2:5 K as shown in Fig. 4.13.…”

Section: Primary Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since no di erence in the rigidity spectra of protons and helium has been detected the same sources and propagation histories were inferred for both species [27]. However recent and more accurate measurements [21,28] suggest protons and helium may have di erent spectral indices in the range 10 -100 GeV. The most accurate experiments to date were balloon based [21][22][23], however even ∼5g=cm 2 of residual atmosphere was an important source of systematic errors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] include some of the previous studies. A few pioneering satellite experiments [25] have reported data on low energy electrons and positrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However recent and more accurate measurements [21,28] suggest protons and helium may have di erent spectral indices in the range 10 -100 GeV. The most accurate experiments to date were balloon based [21][22][23], however even ∼5g=cm 2 of residual atmosphere was an important source of systematic errors. Above ∼1000 GeV emulsion experiments [29,30] have indicated a more pronounced di erence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part I – results from the test flight on the space shuttle

Aguilar¹,

Alcaraz²,

et al. 2002

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“…For comparision with balloon measurements [21,23,53,54] the data has been scaled by E 2:5 K as shown in Fig. 4.13.…”

Section: Primary Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] include some of the previous studies. A few pioneering satellite experiments [25] have reported data on low energy electrons and positrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part I – results from the test flight on the space shuttle

Aguilar¹,

Alcaraz²,

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…A precise knowledge of such spectra is of particular importance to interpret the observational data from muon and neutrino detectors deep underground [12]. The measurement of the primary proton spectrum has been performed by means of satellite and balloon borne experiments [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and indirectly derived by using ground based detectors [27][28][29][30]. In the region of tens of TeV, however, direct measurements lack statistics and moreover their energy determinations are not calorimetric and depend on the interaction parameters and their fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the cosmic ray hadron spectrum up to 30 TeV at mountain altitude: the primary proton spectrum

Aglietta

Alessandro

Antonioli

et al. 2003

Astroparticle Physics

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GCR environmental models III: GCR model validation and propagated uncertainties in effective dose

Slaba

Blattnig

et al. 2014

Space Weather

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This is the last of three papers focused on quantifying the uncertainty associated with galactic cosmic rays (GCR) models used for space radiation shielding applications. In the first paper, it was found that GCR ions with Z > 2 and boundary energy below 500 MeV/nucleon induce less than 5% of the total effective dose behind shielding. This is an important finding since GCR model development and validation have been heavily biased toward Advanced Composition Explorer/Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer measurements below 500 MeV/nucleon. Weights were also developed that quantify the relative contribution of defined GCR energy and charge groups to effective dose behind shielding. In the second paper, it was shown that these weights could be used to efficiently propagate GCR model uncertainties into effective dose behind shielding. In this work, uncertainties are quantified for a few commonly used GCR models. A validation metric is developed that accounts for measurements uncertainty, and the metric is coupled to the fast uncertainty propagation method. For this work, the Badhwar-O'Neill (BON) 2010 and 2011 and the Matthia GCR models are compared to an extensive measurement database. It is shown that BON2011 systematically overestimates heavy ion fluxes in the range 0.5-4 GeV/nucleon. The BON2010 and BON2011 also show moderate and large errors in reproducing past solar activity near the 2000 solar maximum and 2010 solar minimum. It is found that all three models induce relative errors in effective dose in the interval [À20%, 20%] at a 68% confidence level. The BON2010 and Matthia models are found to have similar overall uncertainty estimates and are preferred for space radiation shielding applications.

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Measurement of cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra during the 1987 solar minimum

Cited by 141 publications

References 0 publications

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part I – results from the test flight on the space shuttle

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station: Part I – results from the test flight on the space shuttle

Measurement of the cosmic ray hadron spectrum up to 30 TeV at mountain altitude: the primary proton spectrum

GCR environmental models III: GCR model validation and propagated uncertainties in effective dose

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