Measurement of CO₂ and Ultrasonic Vibration Based on Tunable Fiber Ring Laser

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a method to simultaneously measure carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and ultrasonic vibration using fiber sensors with a tunable fiber ring laser based on a loop design. The in-line interferometric vibration sensor consists of a single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure and detects continuous dynamic vibrations through intensity demodulation. The evanescent wave absorption based CO2 sensor is composed of a no-core fiber coated with silica derived from tetraethylorthosilicate. The fiber ring laser output is tuned to the CO2 absorption wavelength of 1574.6 nm, which also best matches the quadrature bias point of the vibration sensor. The vibration frequency signals from 10 Hz to 50 kHz, and fast detection of CO2 concentrations from 10% to 100% are experimentally demonstrated. The proposed hybrid sensor system is a promising method for monitoring the gas pipelines operating state, gas turbines, nuclear power plants, and automotive engines, where both vibration and CO2 concentration measurements are essential. INDEX TERMS Vibration sensing; carbon dioxide sensing; fiber optic sensors, tunable fiber ring laser.

Pipeline Monitoring Using Highly Sensitive Vibration Sensor Based on Fiber Ring Cavity Laser

“…Recently, we proposed a fiber ring laser for simultaneous vibration and carbon dioxide sensing, where the vibration sensor is positioned outside of the ring cavity. A measured frequency response from 10 Hz to 50 kHz was realized, and an SNR of 41 dB was achieved at 500 Hz [ 11 ]. In 2019, H. Yu et al [ 12 ] demonstrated a liquid-filled photonic crystal fiber-based vibration sensor with a frequency range from 10 Hz to 20 kHz, and an SNR of 33 dB at 600 Hz.…”