Measurement of chalcogenide glass optical dispersion using a mid-infrared prism coupler

Qiao, Hong; Anheier, Norman C.; Musgrave, J. David; Richardson, Kathleen; Hewak, Daniel W.

doi:10.1117/12.884320

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Details of this system have been reported previously. 13,14 In this system, the plano-plano sample is held in physical contact with a Ge prism, and the prism-sample combination is rotated to determine the critical angle for each laser wavelength. The critical angle measurement is then used to directly determine the sample refractive index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional-tailoring of optical properties in IR transparent chalcogenide glasses for precision glass molding

et al. 2013

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The structural and optical properties of AsSe chalcogenide glass, starting with As 40 Se 60 , were studied as a function of Ge or Se additions. These elements provide broad glass forming options when combined with the host matrix to allow for compositional tuning of properties. Optimization of glass composition has been shown to produce bulk glasses with a thermoptic coefficient (dn/dT) equal to zero, as well as a composition which could demonstrate a net zero change in index after precision glass molding (PGM). The bulk glass density, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), refractive index, and dn/dT were measured for all bulk compositions, as was the refractive index after PGM. For the bulk glasses examined, both the refractive index (measured at discrete laser wavelengths from 3.4 to10.6 μm) and dn/dT were observed to decrease as the molecular percentage of either Ge or Se is increased. Compared to the starting glass' network, additions of either Ge or Se lead to a deviation from the "optimally constrained" binary glass' average coordination number = 2.4. Additions of Se or Ge serve to decrease or increase the average coordination number (CN) of the glass, respectively, while also changing the network's polarizability. After a representative PGM process, glasses exhibited an "index drop" consistent with that seen for oxide glasses. 1 Based on our evaluation, both the Gecontaining and Ge-free tielines show potential for developing unique compositions with either a zero dn/dT for the unmolded, bulk glass, as well as the potential for a glass that demonstrates a net zero "index drop" after molding. Such correlation of glass chemistry, network, physical and optical properties will enable the tailoring of novel compositions suitable for prototyping towards targeted molding behavior and final properties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional-tailoring of optical properties in IR transparent chalcogenide glasses for precision glass molding

et al. 2013

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“…The refractive index of the glass samples was measured using a Metricon Inc. prism coupler (2010M) that was modified to measure bulk or thin film sample index and thermo‐optic coefficient (d n /d T ) in the infrared. Detailed information on the system modification and basic principles of its use and measurement on other chalcogenide glasses can be found in other references . While the system can incorporate several prism types and source wavelengths, for simplicity, the results contained in this analysis have been limited to a single wavelength source and prism type, an optical parametric oscillator operating at 4.515 μm, and an undoped, single‐crystal Ge prism.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Index and Thermo‐Optic Coefficients of Ge‐As‐Se Chalcogenide Glasses

Gleason

Richardson

Sisken

et al. 2016

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Seventeen glasses in the Ge-As-Se ternary glass-forming region have been fabricated and analyzed to provide input for optical design data and to establish composition-and structure-based relationships to aide development of novel chalcogenide glasses with tailored optical functionality. While known that Ge addition to binary As-Se glasses enhances the mean coordination number (MCN) of the network and results in increased T g and decreased CTE, this work highlights the impact on optical properties, specifically mid-wave (k = 4.515 lm) index and thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT). Trends in property changes were correlated with an excess or deficiency of chalcogen content in the glassy network as compared to stoichiometric compositions. Transitions in key optical properties were observed with the disappearance of Se-Se homopolar bonds and creation of As-As homopolar bonds which are associated with the Se-rich and Se-deficient regions near the stoichiometry, respectively. A second transition was observed with the creation of GeSe ethane-like structures, which are only present in strongly Se-deficient networks. Fitting dn/dT values with a simplified version of the thermal Lorentz-Lorenz formulation yielded a linear relation between the quantity (n À3 •dn/dT) and the CTE, which can be used to predict compositions with the near-zero dn/dT required for athermal optical systems.

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“…This last configuration gives the opportunity of measuring the refractive index at any wavelength over the spectral range of the SC laser source, and of facilitating optical alignment due to the superposition of all the spectral content into a single beam. These features are advantageous compared to that of other prism coupling systems using several laser sources at different wavelengths to cover the mid-infrared [18]. The experimental set-up was calibrated by using a sapphire sample and its accuracy and precision were verified by analyzing a fused silica window.…”

Section: Glass Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in methods of purification and dispersion measurement applicable to tellurite-based glasses

Boivin¹,

El-Amraoui²,

Poliquin³

et al. 2016

Opt. Mater. Express

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The intensity of the absorption bands due to the hydroxyl (OH) vibrations in the spectrum of tellurite glasses was decreased by using tellurium tetrachloride (TeCl 4 ) as a dehydrating additive. This additive is incorporated with the initial reagents of the glass. During synthesis, it reacts with the OH groups present in the glass melt by releasing gaseous hydrochloric acid. The low chloride content remaining in the different glasses after their synthesis negligibly modifies their thermal properties, their stability against crystallization, and their refractive index. Its low impact on the refractive index of the glasses was assessed in the mid-infrared thanks to an enhanced prism coupling system using a supercontinuum laser as light source.

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Measurement of chalcogenide glass optical dispersion using a mid-infrared prism coupler

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Compositional-tailoring of optical properties in IR transparent chalcogenide glasses for precision glass molding

Compositional-tailoring of optical properties in IR transparent chalcogenide glasses for precision glass molding

Refractive Index and Thermo‐Optic Coefficients of Ge‐As‐Se Chalcogenide Glasses

Advances in methods of purification and dispersion measurement applicable to tellurite-based glasses

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