Measurement of Cardiopulmonary Function by Rebreathing Methodology in Piglets

Mentz, William M; Lawson, Edward E.; Friedman, Mitchell

doi:10.1203/00006450-198411000-00023

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…3, 22 The quasistatic occlusion C, and the CLdyn of the 3-day-old piglet are similar in magnitude but both are still greater than the quasistatic CL of the premature human infant at 32 weeks of gestation (2.37 2 0.16 for piglets vs 1.39 2 0.27 mL/cm/kg for infants).I3 Using similar techniques for both species, Davis et al also reported higher C , values for lambs than humans (2.02 +-0.4 vs ported. 13,38,39 Present study 17 2 39 38 29 13 Present study 41 41 15 4 4 7 5 40 29 Present study 15 17 19 19 37 33 32 34 13 36 31 35 35 29 aCalculated from effective elastance. bThoracic gas volume.…”

Section: Piglet Versus Humanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Respiratory mechanics of the piglet during the first month of life

Standaert

Wilham

Mayock

et al. 1991

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Piglets at 3, 14, and 30 days of age were studied to assess the postnatal changes in lung, chestwall, and total respiratory system compliance associated with normal growth. Static deflation compliance of the lung and total respiratory system increased significantly with age; there was no change in chestwall compliance. When normalized for body weight or lung volume, all measures of compliance tended to decrease with postnatal age. Measures of lung and chestwall compliance obtained with an end-inspiratory occlusion technique were less than the static compliance measures, but demonstrated the same relative changes with postnatal maturation. Chestwall compliance at 3 days of age was only 1.3 times greater than lung compliance and there was no significant change in this ratio with postnatal age. In contrast to the trend for the human infant, the piglet's chestwall at 3 days of age is stiff relative to the lung and does not become stiffer with age over the first 4 weeks of life.

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Section: Piglet Versus Humanmentioning

confidence: 97%

Respiratory mechanics of the piglet during the first month of life

Standaert

Wilham

Mayock

et al. 1991

Pediatric Pulmonology

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“…Measurements of cardiopulmonary function were made using (8). The rebreathing apparatus consisted of a 50 ml rubber bag-in-bottle and valve (total dead space of two ml) originally developed by Gallioto el al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique has already been shown to be accurate and reproducible in animal studies of lung injury (6) and in adult human studies (7). Recently, we have shown that this technique provides an accurate measurement of cardiopulmonary function in mechanically ventilated piglets, comparable in size to the human neonate, including piglets with oleic-acid induced lung injury ventilated using PEEP (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of Cardiopulmonary Function in Ventilated Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Using Rebreathing Methodology

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. The feasibility of using a multiple gas rebreathing technique to evaluate cardiopulmonary function in the ventilated neonate was assessed by measuring functional residual capacity, diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide, and effective pulmonary capillary blood flow in 10 neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Measurements were first made on the level of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) selected by the clinicians caring for the infants ("clinical" PEEP, mean of 4.4 2 0.3 cm H20). To evaluate the effect of P E E P on cardiopulmonary function, P E E P was then changed above (mean of 6.7 f 0.4 cm H 2 0 ) and below (mean of 1.9 + 0.3 cm H 2 0 ) this level and measurements were repeated. Mean functional residual capacity on clinical P E E P (10.8 + 1.6 ml/kg) was far below the predicted normal and varied directly with changes in P E E P (mean change of 1.2 ml/kg/cm H20). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide on clinical P E E P was 0.04 + 0.01 ml/min/mm Hg/kg and did not change significantly with changes in PEEP. Mean effective pulmonary capillary blood flow was highest (70 ml/min/kg) a t the lowest level of PEEP. However, the effect of increasing P E E P on effective pulmonary capillary blood flow in individual infants varied. Increasing P E E P increased arterial oxygen tension but did not cause changes in systemic arterial pressure or heart rate. We conclude that infants with respiratory distress syndrome have severe lung injury with decreased functional residual capacity and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and that lung volume improves with the use of PEEP. Although P E E P has a beneficial effect on arterial oxygenation, it may impair systemic oxygen transport in some infants because of its detrimental effect on cardiac output. This detrimental effect on cardiac output could not be detected by usual clinical monitoring techniques. (Pediatr Res 20: 316-320,1986) Abbreviations HDS, respiratory distress syndrome PEEP, positive end expiratory pressure FRC, functional residual capacity QCm, effective pulmonary capillary blood flow DI,CO, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide TcP02, transcutaneous oxygen tension PAo, mean systemic arterial blood pressure

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Pulmonary function following positive pressure ventilation initiated immediately after birth in infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Bose

Wood

Bose

et al. 1990

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Cardiopulmonary function following positive pressure ventilation, initiated immediately after birth, was evaluated in 10 very low birthweight infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; RDS infants). Multiple gas rebreathing methodology was used to measure functional residual capacity (FRC), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and effective pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qeff) at 2, 24, and 72 hr of age. Cardiopulmonary function variables were also measured at 2 hr of age in 10 infants of similar birthweight who did not have RDS (non-RDS infants). In RDS infants, mean FRC at both 2 hr of age (15 mL/kg or 0.42 mL/cm) and 24 hours of age (20 mL/kg or 0.54 mL/cm) was less than published predicted values for healthy infants and significantly less than values in non-RDS infants at 2 hours of age (29 mL/kg or 0.8 mL/cm). By 72 hr of age, mean FRC in RDS infants rose to predicted. At 2 and 24 hours of age, mean Qeff in RDS infants (41 and 38 mL/min/kg, respectively) was below predicted, as well as below the value observed in non-RDS infants at 2 hr of age (62 mL/min/kg). in RDS infants. DLCO remained well below published predicted values throughout the first three days of life. We conclude that early aggressive respiratory therapy does not result in the establishment of normal lung volumes during the first day of life, but it does so by 3 days of age. However, in spite of intubation immediately after birth and the application of continuous positive pressure ventilation during the first 3 days of life, very low birthweight infants with RDS continue to have significant alteration in lung function, evidenced by impaired diffusing capacity of the lung and low arterial-alveolar oxygen tension ratios.

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Measurement of Cardiopulmonary Function by Rebreathing Methodology in Piglets

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Respiratory mechanics of the piglet during the first month of life

Respiratory mechanics of the piglet during the first month of life

Measurement of Cardiopulmonary Function in Ventilated Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome Using Rebreathing Methodology

Pulmonary function following positive pressure ventilation initiated immediately after birth in infants with respiratory distress syndrome

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