Measurement of Brain Function of Car Driver Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to propose a method for analyzing measured signal obtained from functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is applicable for neuroimaging studies for car drivers. We developed a signal processing method by multiresolution analysis (MRA) based on discrete wavelet transform. Statistical group analysis using Z-score is conducted after the extraction of task-related signal using MRA. Brain activities of subjects with different level of mental calculation are measured by fNIRS and fMRI. Results of mental calculation with nine subjects by using fNIRS and fMRI showed that the proposed methods were effective for the evaluation of brain activities due to the task. Finally, the proposed method is applied for evaluating brain function of car driver with and without adaptive cruise control (ACC) system for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results showed that frontal lobe was less active when the subject drove with ACC.

Proposal of auxiliary diagnosis index for autism spectrum disorder using near-infrared spectroscopy

“…Oxy-Hb increases in association with the task, and the differential value of oxy-Hb, which is its rate of change, increases sooner than oxy-Hb. The brain can be regarded as "active" when the value of oxyHb is high, or when the value of oxy-Hb is increasing, 13 that is, the differential value of oxy-Hb is positively high even if the value of oxy-Hb is low. Therefore, we analyzed the oxy-Hb trajectory within the shaded portion of Fig.…”

Relationship Between Brain Activity and Real-Road Driving Behavior: A Vector-Based Whole-Brain Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

“…We previously reported that actual vehicle operation differentially activates frontal and parietal cortices as measured by fNIRS (e.g., Yoshino, 2013). However, most driving research using fNIRS has focused only on activity in the prefrontal cortex because of the limited number of channels available in commercial fNIRS systems (e.g., Harada et al, 2007;Tsunashima, 2009;Foy et al, 2016), while the regions most relevant to driving remain unclear. Thus, thorough investigation of the human factors involved in driving requires fNIRS analysis over a larger area of the brain.…”

Advances in Functional Brain Imaging: A Comprehensive Survey for Engineers and Physical Scientists.

“…One possible explanation for this transient change is that local HbO 2 is converted to HbR quickly after activation, before it is replenished from blood flow. However, this dip is only seen in a few BOLD fMRI and many optical studies [65], which suggest that it may be artifact related to the specific experimental conditions such as object species, stimuli type, and measurement parameters. Co-Registered fMRI and fNIRS:-Although both fMRI and fNIRS target the hemodynamic response, they are based on different physics principles and possess unique advantages.…”