Measurement of Barrier Tissue Integrity with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor

Jimison, Leslie H.; Tria, Scherrine A.; Khodagholy, Dion; Gurfinkel, M.; Lanzarini, Erica; Hama, Adel; Malliaras, George G.; Owens, Róisı́n M.

doi:10.1002/adma.201202612

Cited by 157 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In a recent study of an in vitro model of the gastrointestinal-microbe interface, commercially available chopstick electrodes were employed for the measurement of the cell TER 16 . However, the insertion of these electrodes lead to the contamination of the microfluidic platform, thus limiting its employment as a true in-line sensing system, to say nothing of the issues related to irreproducibility of chopstick electrode readings 32 . In literature, other kidney-on-a-chip type of device have been already reported 10,61,62 , but except from the work of Ferrell et al 62 their integration with in-line label-free sensors was not explored yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The working principle of the OECT relies on the direct electrochemical doping/de-doping of the PEDOT:PSS from ions in the electrolyte entering into the active area, upon application of a gate bias ( o0.5 V), thus serving as an efficient ion-to-electron transducer. OECTs have been employed in a wide range of applications, ranging from chemo/bio-sensing 30,31 , to in vivo brain activity recording 29 and in vitro measurements of barrier tissue integrity 32,33 or electrogenic cells 34 . Similar to the commercially available cell-based impedance sensing systems (ECIS, xCelligence), OECTs operating in the AC regime (1 Hz ⩽ ƒ (Hz) ⩽ 20 kHz) can also provide information on two of the most important cell electrical parameters, resistance and capacitance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

et al. 2017

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Future drug discovery and toxicology testing could benefit significantly from more predictive and multi-parametric readouts from in vitro models. Despite the recent advances in the field of microfluidics, and more recently organ-on-a-chip technology, there is still a high demand for real-time monitoring systems that can be readily embedded with microfluidics. In addition, multi-parametric monitoring is essential to improve the predictive quality of the data used to inform clinical studies that follow. Here we present a microfluidic platform integrated with in-line electronic sensors based on the organic electrochemical transistor. Our goals are twofold, first to generate a platform to host cells in a more physiologically relevant environment (using physiologically relevant fluid shear stress (FSS)) and second to show efficient integration of multiple different methods for assessing cell morphology, differentiation, and integrity. These include optical imaging, impedance monitoring, metabolite sensing, and a wound-healing assay. We illustrate the versatility of this multi-parametric monitoring in giving us increased confidence to validate the improved differentiation of cells toward a physiological profile under FSS, thus yielding more accurate data when used to assess the effect of drugs or toxins. Overall, this platform will enable high-content screening for in vitro drug discovery and toxicology testing and bridges the existing gap in the integration of in-line sensors in microfluidic devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

et al. 2017

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“…[20] Recently, OECTs have been used to create cell-density gradients, [21] to measure barrier tissue integrity [22] and to monitor action potentials in rat brains, [23] but also much efforts have been dedicated to utilize PEDOT:PSS in OECTs for biosensor applications. OECTs have been used for the detection of DNA, [24] dopamine [25] and bacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Glutamate and Acetylcholine with Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Conducting Polymer/Platinum Nanoparticle Composites

et al. 2014

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The aim of the study is to open a new scope for organic electrochemical transistors based on PEDOT:PSS, a material blend known for its stability and reliability. These devices can leverage molecular electrocatalysis by incorporating small amounts of nano-catalyst during the transistor manufacturing (spin coating). This methodology is very simple to implement using the know-how of nanochemistry and results in efficient enzymatic activity transduction, in this case utilizing choline oxidase and glutamate oxidase.

Funding Agencies|EU [PIEF-GA-2011-301796]; Onnesjo foundation; Swedish Research Council [2002-4497]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [IMF11-0052]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [2012-0302]

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“…4 One architecture family is the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), which can be used for enzymatic sensing 5 and barrier tissue evaluation. 6 The sensing relies on a dedoping mechanism of the active material. Another principle is based on the classical eld effect transistor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards flexible organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) for biosensing

Werkmeister

Nickel

2013

J. Mater. Chem. B

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We have studied parylene-N and parylene-C for their use as substrates and gate dielectrics in OTFTs. Parylene-N films with a thickness of 300 nm show the required dielectric properties, as verified by breakthrough-voltage measurements. The surface roughness measured for 300 nm thick parylene-N films is 4-5 nm. However, initial growth of parylene depends on the subjacent surface. This results in different thicknesses on Au electrodes and substrate materials for thin films. Capping of micro-

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Measurement of Barrier Tissue Integrity with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor

Cited by 157 publications

References 28 publications

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

Detection of Glutamate and Acetylcholine with Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Conducting Polymer/Platinum Nanoparticle Composites

Towards flexible organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) for biosensing

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