Measurement of Autoantibodies in Pediatric-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Their Relationship with Disease-Associated Manifestations

Serum angiopoietin-2

“…This result is comparable to that performed by Levy and Kamphuis [36] who estimated the same results, whereas Gilliam et al [37] found a lesser percentage of patient with Juvenile Lupus Erythematosus suffering from renal involvement (37.5%).…”

An update on childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

“…It is thought that anti-C1q antibodies might be indicative of lupus nephritis activity. In an analysis of 53 cSLE patients, levels of antiC1q antibodies were higher in patients with active nephritis and correlated with proteinuria, anti-dsDNA antibodies and decreased C3 and C4 concentrations [23]. Similarly, a meta-analysis reported that anti-C1q antibodies may discriminate between active and inactive lupus nephritis [24].…”

Anti-C1q antibodies as a follow-up marker in SLE patients

“…Such a lack of correlation could be observed in some of our patients and, as demonstrated in the figure, was independent from a history of renal lupus. Since anti-C1q had been described to particularly well correlate with renal involvement [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], we subsequently separated the patients into two groups for further analysis: Group 1 comprising 31 patients with renal involvement (337 measurement points) and group 2 comprising 21 patients without apparent renal involvement ever (123 measurement points). For each group the correlation between anti-C1q levels and the activity indices were investigated separately (Fig 3).…”

“…Low levels of C1q are typically associated with the occurrence of autoantibodies against C1q [10][11][12] that are found in about 20-50% of unselected SLE patients and in up to 100% of SLE patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis [13,14]. This strong association has also been described in pediatric-onset SLE patients [15,16]. As a consequence, anti-C1q antibodies not only have a high negative predictive value for the occurrence of severe lupus nephritis but seem to be necessary (but not sufficient in themselves) for the development of proliferative lupus nephritis.…”