Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by 2-μm Doppler Lidar

Smalikho, Igor N.; Köpp, F.; Rahm, Stephan

doi:10.1175/jtech1815.1

Cited by 95 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…1,2 Since first proposed by Yeh and Cummins 3 in 1964, just a few years after the invention of the laser, the laser linear Doppler technique has become an efficient tool for velocity measurement of surface, 4 fluid, 5 and atmospheric turbulence. 6 In recent years, a rotational analog to linear Doppler effect, namely rotational Doppler effect, has drawn great attention. In this effect, a laser beam carrying spin or orbital angular momentum (OAM) is illuminated on a roughness object rotating along the beam axis, and a Doppler frequency shift will be generated on the scattered light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotation of an optically trapped vaterite microsphere measured using rotational Doppler effect

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The angular velocity of a vaterite microsphere spinning in the optical trap is measured using rotational Doppler effect. The perfectly spherical vaterite microspheres are synthesized via coprecipitation in the presence of silk fibroin nanospheres. When trapped by a circularly polarized beam, the vaterite microsphere is uniformly rotated in the trap center. The probe beams containing two Laguerre-Gaussian beams of opposite topological charge l ¼ AE7, l ¼ AE8, and l ¼ AE9 are illuminated on the spinning vaterite. By analyzing the backscattered light, a frequency shift is observed scaling with the rotation rate of the vaterite microsphere. The multiplicative enhancement of the frequency shift proportion to the topological charge has greatly improved the measurement precision. The reliability and practicability of this approach are verified through varying the topological charge of the probe beam and the trapping laser power. In consideration of the excellent measurement precision of the rotation frequency, this technique might be generally applicable in studying the torsional properties of micro-objects. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotation of an optically trapped vaterite microsphere measured using rotational Doppler effect

et al. 2018

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“…Remote sensing systems like radars, lidars and satellitebased sounders do not provide sufficient resolution to measure the turbulence spectrum down to the smallest scales or provide no signal at all in the middle stratosphere (e.g., Engler et al, 2005;Luce et al, 2002;Smalikho et al, 2005;Gurvich and Brekhovskikh, 2001;Sofieva et al, 2007). In-situ measurements are typically performed either below 15 km with aircraft and tethered lifting systems (e.g., Siebert et al, 2007;Frehlich et al, 2003;Balsley, 2008) or above 60 km with sounding rockets (e.g., Lübken et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LITOS – a new balloon-borne instrument for fine-scale turbulence soundings in the stratosphere

2011

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Abstract.We have developed a new compact balloon payload called LITOS (Leibniz-Institute Turbulence Observations in the Stratosphere) for high resolution wind turbulence soundings in the stratosphere up to 35 km altitude. The wind measurements are performed using a constant temperature anemometer (CTA) with a vertical resolution of ∼2.5 mm, i.e. 2 kHz sampling rate at 5 m/s ascent speed. Thereby, for the first time, it is possible to study the entire turbulence spectrum down to the viscous subrange in the stratosphere. Including telemetry, housekeeping, batteries and recovery unit, the payload weighs less than 5 kg and can be launched from any radiosonde station. Since autumn 2007, LITOS has been successfully launched several times from the LeibnizInstitute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) in Kühlungsborn, Germany (54 • N, 12 • E). Two additional soundings were carried out in 2009 in Kiruna, Sweden (67 • N, 21 • E) as part of the BEXUS program (Balloon-borne EXperiments for University Students). We describe here the basic principle of CTA measurements and prove the validity of this method in the stratosphere. A first case study allows a clear distinction between non-turbulent regions and a turbulent layer with a thickness of some tens of meters. Since our measurements cover the transition between the inertial and viscous subrange, energy dissipation rates can be calculated with high reliability.

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“…In contrast to the 2-µm PCDL [6], the Stream Line 1.5-µm PCDL developed by HALO Photonics [7] has the 20 times lower probing pulse energy [8]. Therefore, for the Stream Line lidar, the SNR defined as the ratio of the mean power of lidar return signal to the mean power of noise in the frequency band of 50 MHz at the same concentration of aerosol particles is at least several tens times lower than SNR of the 2-µm PCDL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Aircraft Wake Vortex Parametrization Based on 1.5-μm Coherent Doppler Lidar Data

Banakh

Smalikho

2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by 2-μm Doppler Lidar

Cited by 95 publications

References 38 publications

Rotation of an optically trapped vaterite microsphere measured using rotational Doppler effect

Rotation of an optically trapped vaterite microsphere measured using rotational Doppler effect

LITOS – a new balloon-borne instrument for fine-scale turbulence soundings in the stratosphere

Aircraft Wake Vortex Parametrization Based on 1.5-μm Coherent Doppler Lidar Data

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