Measurement of atmospheric deposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the Lagoon of Venice, Italy

Guerzoni, Stefano; Rossini, Paolo; Molinaroli, Emanuela; Rampazzo, Giancarlo; Raccanelli, Stefano

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00249-2

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Table 8 lists dry deposition fluxes of PCDD/Fs published by previous studies. The average dry deposition fluxes of PCDD/Fs determined from this study were approximately 2 times lower than those observed at urban area of Japan (36-51 pg I-TEQ/m 2 -day) (Ogura et al, 2001), but similar findings were determined at urban areas of Taiwan (Shih et al, 2006;Wu et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2011), Korea (Moon et al, 2005), and industrial areas of Italy (Guerzoni et al, 2004). As for deposition fluxes of PCBs, values obtained in this study were two to three orders of magnitude lower than the previously reported values measured in suburban site of Turkey (2.1-163 ng/m 2 -day), urban and rural areas of USA, and Tainan, Taiwan (Lee et al, 1996b;Franz et al, 1998;Tasdemir et al, 2004a;Tasdemir and Holsen, 2005;Cindoruk and Tasdemir, 2007) (Table 9).…”

Section: Dry Deposition Fluxes Of Pcdd/fs and Pcbssupporting

confidence: 76%

Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Southern Taiwan

Lin

et al. 2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Dry deposition is one of the major routes by which air pollutants enter the ecosystem, and thus this study investigated the dry deposition characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in the ambient air of industrial, urban, and rural areas in southern Taiwan from November 2010 to May 2011. Average dry deposition fluxes of total PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the ambient air of four sites were 157-544 pg/m 2 -day (8.30-27.5 pg I-TEQ/m 2 -day) and 289-1010 pg/m 2 -day (0.540-1.94 pg WHO-TEQ/m 2 -day), respectively. The results showed that particle phase depositions dominated the dry deposition processes for the removal of PCDD/Fs and PCBs from the atmosphere, and the atmospheric deposition flux in the cold season tended to be higher than that during the warm season. The dry deposition velocity of individual PCDD/Fs (0.031-0.546 cm/s) increased as the number of chlorinated substitutes increased, which were similar to those measured or predicted in other Asian countries. Similar patterns of dry deposition velocities were observed for individual PCBs (0.069-3.38 cm/s), due to the fact that low chlorinated PCBs are predominant in gas phase and have lower deposition velocities.

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Section: Dry Deposition Fluxes Of Pcdd/fs and Pcbssupporting

confidence: 76%

Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Southern Taiwan

Lin

et al. 2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Atmospheric depositions were associated with all of the three typologies, according to the location of sampling sites, as already shown by Guerzoni et al (2004). Figure 6.…”

Section: Dioxin Fingerprintingsupporting

confidence: 68%

Atmospheric and riverine inputs of metals, nutrients and persistent organic pollutants into the lagoon of Venice

et al. 2005

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Atmospheric deposition in the lagoon of Venice and river inputs from the watershed were collected and analysed from 1998 to 1999 using the same analytical methods. The input from riverine sources largely prevails (>70%) over that from the atmosphere for As, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, nitrogen and phosphorus. Equivalent amounts of Hg, Pb, PCBs, HCB are discharged into the lagoon from the two sources, whilst atmospheric inputs prevail for Cd, ammonia and dioxins. A comparison with figures of maximum allowable discharges (MAD) for various compounds, recently set by the Italian Ministry for the Environment, showed that total inputs (riverine + atmospheric) of trace metals were below the MAD thresholds only for Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The total inputs of Cu and Ni, and Cr and Zn were approximately 20 and 40% of the MAD limit, respectively. The total phosphorus input of 284 t was close to the imposed limit, whilst the inorganic nitrogen load alone (>4000 t) was much higher than the MAD for total nitrogen. For those metals (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) and persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) where the MAD states that the load should tend to '0Õ (no discharge), the measured inputs of 4.8 (As) and 5.1 t (Pb), 151 (Cd) and 39 kg (Hg), 18 g (PCDD/Fs) and 440 mg (Toxicity Equivalents, TEQs, of PCDD/Fs) are by definition ÔaboveÕ the MAD. The principal component analysis (PCA) of loading data and input profiles (markers) of production typologies showed that river and atmosphere contributions can be easily separated and recognised due to their different fingerprints. Riverine inputs were similar to chemical and glass work production markers, whereas atmospheric loadings were mainly influenced by chemical industry (PVC and VCM production), metallurgy and paper-mill.

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“…In Table 1 the monthly average PM 2.5 concentrations, as well as data from past research programs of the Consortium for Coordination of Research Activities Concerning the Venice Lagoon System (CORILA) are reported Gambaro et al, 2007;Prodi et al, 2009 Guerzoni et al (2004), sources of pollution in the Venice Lagoon are emissions from the industrial area of Porto Marghera (central part of the lagoon), untreated domestic sewage from the historical city of Venice; traffic from motorboats and the nearby city of Mestre (Fattore et al, 1997;Wenning et al, 2000). Also, according to Rampazzo et al (2008), the impact on Venice air quality of glass manufacturing factories has recently decreased, but will not cease in the near future.…”

Section: Concentration Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the PM2.5 trace elemental composition in the Venice Lagoon area and an analysis of the possible sources

Stortini

Freda

Cesari

et al. 2009

Atmospheric Environment

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) during this period show higher values during the spring and the autumn. A good relationship between data obtained and concentration values from environmental local agencies is evidenced, both for PM 2.5 from urban area (Venezia Mestre), and for PM 10 sampled in the same area, as well as the influence of some meteorological parameters on PM 2.5 concentration sampled. Trace elements samples were measured by an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (ICP-QMS), and values (ng m À3 and mg g À1 ) for elements regulated by European directives (As, Cd, Ni, Pb), as well as, other elements (Na, Al, K, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Se, Ag) are also reported. Data analysis by mean of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) pointed out four principal groups of elements like Mn-Fe-K, As-Se-Cd, V-Co, and Pb that could be assigned to specific sources of the Venetian wetland basin.

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Measurement of atmospheric deposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the Lagoon of Venice, Italy

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Southern Taiwan

Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Southern Taiwan

Atmospheric and riverine inputs of metals, nutrients and persistent organic pollutants into the lagoon of Venice

An evaluation of the PM2.5 trace elemental composition in the Venice Lagoon area and an analysis of the possible sources

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