Measurement of antiphospholipid antibody by ELISA using purified β2-glycoprotein I in preeclampsia

Abstract

SUMMARYIt has been reported tiiat the binding of some antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) to phospholipids requires llic presence of /frglycoprotein I (/(:-GPI), Using a new ELISA. in which well coaled phosphoiipids were treated witiiaeonstantamount of"puriiied/^-GPI. we tried to detect liie presence of APA which binds lo phosphoiipid//^;-GPI eomplex or to phospholipids sueh as eardioiipin (CA) and phnsphittidylserine (PS) in preeeiampsia. and to check for cliniciii abnormaiilies in iintibodypositivc eases. Serum satnples were taken from 43 cases of preeeiampsia. ineiuding 26 cases of the severe lype. and 47 normal pregnant women. Positive rates of antieardioiipin antibody (ACA) by ELISA using CA/^:-GPI complex in miid. severe and totai preeeiampsia were 200%, i7-4% and 18-4% respeetively. No antibody-positive eases were found in normal pregnancies. ACA was deteeted tntieh more frequently when eardiolipin,7?:-GPI complex was used in ELISA eompared with ELISA wiihout /(-GPI. Positive rales of anliphosphatidylserine antibody (APSA) in mild, severe and totai preeclampsia were 5-9%. li-5'^ and 9-3% respectively. APSA was aiso deteeted mueh more frequently when the phosphatidylserine,//^-GP! eomplex was used in ELISA. The frequency of inirauierine growth retardation (lUGR) in liie ACA-positive subjeets was higher than that of ACA negatives. We suggest that Lhe ACA and APSA which bind lo phospholipiiJ//f2-OPI complex are delectable in preeclampsia, and that these antiphospholipid antibodies arc rciated to fctai growth.

Comparison between Essential Hypertension and Pregnancy-induced Hypertension: a Genetic Perspective

“…In other words, the relationship between hypertension, cerebral hemorrhage and infarction is complex. Furthermore, studies have suggested immune system involvement in pregnancy hypertension [38][39][40][41], but not in essential hypertension.…”

T Lymphocyte Characteristics and Immune Tolerance During Human Pregnancy

“…Besides the cellular abnormalities already discussed, autoantibody abnormalities have also been reported in association with preeclampsia. So far, a number of autoantibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis (Branch et al, 1994;Milliez et al, 1990;Rappaport et al, 1990;Yamamoto et al, 1993). The most important one of them appears to be an agonistic autoantibody against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (Wallukat et al, 1999).…”

“…Moreover, as in classical autoimmune diseases, more severe preeclampsia appears to result in more autoantibody abnormalities (El-Roeiy et al, 1991). Evidence suggests that classical, nonorgan-specific autoantibodies, such as antiphospholipid antibodies, are characteristic of preeclampsia, and especially in its more severe clinical expression (El-Roeiy et al, 1991;Yamamoto et al, 1993). Dekker et al therefore recommended active laboratory surveillance for patients at risk (Dekker et al, 1995).…”

Do antiphospholipid antibodies cause preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome?

“…Investigators have reported an increased rate of aPL in women with both preeclampsia [13,[18][19][20][21] and severe preeclampsia [20,[22][23][24]. Specifically, aCL antibodies have been reported in 11% to 29% of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, with pregnant control rates ranging from 0% to 7% [19,21,23,24]. Antiphospholipid antibodies are most likely to be present in patients with early-onset (before 34 weeks gestation) severe preeclampsia [22].…”