Measurement of alkyl and multifunctional organic nitrates by Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry

Duncianu, Marius; David, M.; Kartigueyane, Sakthivel; Cirtog, Manuela; Doussin, Jean‐François; Picquet‐Varrault, Bénédicte

doi:10.5194/amt-2016-318

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…It contains 25 sufficient carbon atoms and oxygen functional groups to likely partition into the condensed phase. NO2 + and C2H4O3 + are known fragments of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) (de Gouw et al, 2003), but NO2 + can also arise from the fragmentation of a wide range of peroxynitrates (ROONO2) or alkyl and multifunctional nitrates (RONO2) (Aoki et al, 2017;Duncianu et al, 2017). While the uptake of PAN on particles can be considered as negligible (Roberts, 2005), higher molecular weight organonitrates are more likely to partition onto the particle phase.…”

Section: Ptr-tof-ms Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and horizontal distribution of regional new particle formation events in Madrid

Carnerero¹,

Pérez²,

Reche³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The vertical profile of new particle formation (NPF) events was studied by comparing the aerosol size number distributions measured aloft and at surface level in a suburban environment in Madrid, Spain using airborne instruments. The horizontal distribution and regional impact of the NPF events was investigated with data from three urban and suburban 25 stations in the Madrid metropolitan area. Intensive regional NPF episodes followed by particle growth were simultaneously recorded at three stations in and around Madrid, in a field campaign in July 2016. On some days a marked decline in particle size (shrinkage) was observed in the afternoon, associated with a change in air masses. Additionally, a few nocturnal nucleation mode bursts were observed in the urban stations, which could be related to aircraft emissions transported from the airport. Considering all simultaneous diurnal NPF events registered, growth rates were significantly lower at the urban 30 stations, ranging 2.0-3.9 nm h -1 , compared to the suburban station (2.9-10.0 nm h -1 ). Total concentration of 9.1-25 nm particles reached 2.8 x 10 4 cm -3 at the urban station and 1.7 x 10 4 cm -3 at the suburban station, the mean daily values being 3.7 x 10 4 cm -3 (2.2 x 10 4 cm -3 at the suburban station) during event days. The formation rates of 9-25 nm particles peaked around noon and recorded a median value of 2.0 cm -3 s -1 and 1.1 cm -3 s -1 at the urban and suburban stations, respectively.The condensation and coagulation sinks presented minimum values shortly before sunrise, increasing after dawn reaching 35 the maximum value at 14:00 UTC, with average daily mean values of 3.4 x 10 -3 s -1 (2.5 x 10 -3 s -1 at the suburban station) and 2.4 x 10 -5 s -1 , respectively, during event days. The vertical soundings demonstrated that ultrafine particles (UFP) are transported from surface levels to higher levels, thus newly-formed particles ascend from surface to the top of the mixing layer. The morning soundings revealed the presence of a residual layer in the upper levels in which aged particles (nucleated and grown on previous days) prevail. The particles in this layer also grow in size, with growth rates significantly smaller 40 than those inside the mixed layer. Under conditions with strong enough convection, the soundings revealed homogeneous Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10. 5194/acp-2018-173 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discussion started: 27 March 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License.2 number size distributions and growth rates at all altitudes, which follow the same evolution in the other stations considered in this study. This indicates that NPF occurs quasi-homogenously in an area spanning at least 17 km horizontally. The NPF events extend over the full vertical extension of the mixed layer reaching as high as 3000 m. This can have consequences in the radiative balance of the atmosphere and affect the climate. Results also evidenced that total particle concentration in and around Madrid in...

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Section: Ptr-tof-ms Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and horizontal distribution of regional new particle formation events in Madrid

Carnerero¹,

Pérez²,

Reche³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…with H 3 O + ionization, it has been shown that organic nitrates are subject to important fragmentation (Müller et al 2012 ;Aoki, Inomata, and Tanimoto 2007). In order to reduce this fragmentation, Duncianu et al 2017 has adapted the instrument operating procedure for organic nitrate detection by reducing the electric field in the reactor. The same study has also developed a NO + ionization mode, by replacing the ionization gas (water vapor) with dry air and also by applying a reduced electric field.…”

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confidence: 99%

A comparative and experimental study of the reactivity with nitrate radical of two terpenes: α-terpinene and γ-terpinene

Fouqueau¹,

Cirtog²,

Cazaunau³

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are intensely emitted by forests and crops into the atmosphere. During the night, they react very rapidly with the nitrate radical (NO3), leading to the formation of a variety of functionalized products including organic nitrates and to large amounts of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Organic nitrates (ONs) have been shown to play a key role in the transport of reactive nitrogen and consequently in the ozone budget, but also to be important components of the total organic aerosol while SOA are known to play a direct and indirect role on the climate. However, the reactivity of BVOCs with NO3 remains poorly studied. The aim of this work is to provide new kinetic and mechanistic data for two monoterpenes (C10H16), α- and γ-terpinene, through experiments in simulation chambers. These two compounds, which have very similar chemical structures, have been chosen in order to fill the lack of experimental data but also to highlight the influence of the chemical structure on the reactivity. Rate constants have been measured using both relative and absolute methods. They were found to be (1.2 ± 0.5) x 10-10 and (2.9 ± 1.1) x 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for α- and γ-terpinene respectively. Mechanistic studies have also been conducted in order to identify and quantify the main reaction products. Total organic nitrate and SOA yields have been determined. While organic nitrate formation yields appear to be similar, SOA yields exhibit large differences with γ-terpinene being a much more efficient precursor of aerosols. In order to provide explanations for this difference, chemical analysis of the gas phase products were performed at the molecular scale. Detected products allowed proposing chemical mechanisms and providing explanations through peroxy and alkoxy reaction pathways.

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“…Alkylnitrates fragment severely upon protonation, 63 and the nitric acid ester, (CH 3 ) 2 (NH 2 )CCH 2 ONO 2 , should it be formed on the particles or in the sampling lines, is expected to primarily show up at m / z 88.076 (NO 2 -ejection) and 72.081 (HNO 3 -ejection), whereas the protonated molecule signal at m / z 135.076 should be almost 2 orders of magnitude smaller. The signals at m / z 88.076 and 72.081 also have contributions from 2-amino-2-methylpropanal and AMP, respectively, and it is consequently not possible to resolve by PTR-MS, if 2-amino-2-methylpropyl nitrate, AMPNO 2 , or both are actually formed in the particle phase in the present experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry of 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol: A Theoretical and Experimental Study of the OH-Initiated Degradation under Simulated Atmospheric Conditions

et al. 2021

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The OH-initiated degradation of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol [CH 3 C(NH 2 )(CH 3 )CH 2 OH, AMP] was investigated in a large atmospheric simulation chamber, employing time-resolved online high-resolution proton-transfer reaction-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and chemical analysis of aerosol online PTR-ToF-MS (CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS) instrumentation, and by theoretical calculations based on M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ quantum chemistry results and master equation modeling of the pivotal reaction steps. The quantum chemistry calculations reproduce the experimental rate coefficient of the AMP + OH reaction, aligning k ( T ) = 5.2 × 10 –12 × exp (505/ T ) cm 3 molecule –1 s –1 to the experimental value k exp,300K = 2.8 × 10 –11 cm 3 molecule –1 s –1 . The theoretical calculations predict that the AMP + OH reaction proceeds via hydrogen abstraction from the −CH 3 groups (5–10%), −CH 2 – group, (>70%) and −NH 2 group (5–20%), whereas hydrogen abstraction from the −OH group can be disregarded under atmospheric conditions. A detailed mechanism for atmospheric AMP degradation was obtained as part of the theoretical study. The photo-oxidation experiments show 2-amino-2-methylpropanal [CH 3 C(NH 2 )(CH 3 )CHO] as the major gas-phase product and propan-2-imine [(CH 3 ) 2 C=NH], 2-iminopropanol [(CH 3 )(CH 2 OH)C=NH], acetamide [CH 3 C(O)NH 2 ], formaldehyde (CH 2 O), and nitramine 2-methyl-2-(nitroamino)-1-propanol [AMPNO 2 , CH 3 C(CH 3 )(NHNO 2 )CH 2 OH] as minor primary products; there is no experimental evidence of nitrosamine formation. The branching in the initial H abstraction by OH radicals was derived in analyses of the temporal gas-phase product profiles to be B CH 3 / B CH 2 / B NH 2 = 6:70:24. Secondary photo-oxidation products and products resulting from particle and surface processing of the primary gas-phase products were also observed and quantified. All the photo-oxidation experiments were accompanied by extensive particle formation that was initiated by the reaction of AMP with nitric acid and that mainly consisted of this salt. Minor amounts of the gas-phase photo-...

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Measurement of alkyl and multifunctional organic nitrates by Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Vertical and horizontal distribution of regional new particle formation events in Madrid

Vertical and horizontal distribution of regional new particle formation events in Madrid

A comparative and experimental study of the reactivity with nitrate radical of two terpenes: α-terpinene and γ-terpinene

Atmospheric Chemistry of 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol: A Theoretical and Experimental Study of the OH-Initiated Degradation under Simulated Atmospheric Conditions

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