Measurement invariance testing of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) across people with and without diabetes mellitus from the NHANES, EMHS and UK Biobank datasets

Nouwen, Arie; Deschênes, Sonya S.; Balkhiyarova, Zhanna; Albertorio-Díaz, Juan R.; Prokopenko, Inga; Schmitz, N.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.031

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In UKBB, self-reported depressive symptoms over the previous 2 weeks (from the time of study enrollment) were assessed using the PHQ-9 ( 17 ) ( Supplementary Table 4 ). It has been shown that the PHQ-9 is invariant between people with and without diabetes ( 18 ), suggesting that its interpretation is similar for both diabetes case subjects and control subjects. Individuals missing responses for more than three PHQ-9 items were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Multiphenotype GWAS Show Causality and Shared Pathophysiology Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2023

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OBJECTIVE Depression is a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes. We assessed the causal relationships and shared genetics between them. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We applied two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess causality between type 2 diabetes and depression. We investigated potential mediation using two-step MR. To identify shared genetics, we performed 1) genome-wide association studies (GWAS) separately and 2) multiphenotype GWAS (MP-GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (19,344 case subjects, 463,641 control subjects) and depression using major depressive disorder (MDD) (5,262 case subjects, 86,275 control subjects) and self-reported depressive symptoms (n = 153,079) in the UK Biobank. We analyzed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from public databases to identify target genes in relevant tissues. RESULTS MR demonstrated a significant causal effect of depression on type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.26 [95% CI 1.11–1.44], P = 5.46 × 10−4) but not in the reverse direction. Mediation analysis indicated that 36.5% (12.4–57.6%, P = 0.0499) of the effect from depression on type 2 diabetes was mediated by BMI. GWAS of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms did not identify shared loci. MP-GWAS identified seven shared loci mapped to TCF7L2, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, SPRY2, CCND2-AS1, IRS1, CDKN2B-AS1. MDD has not brought any significant association in either GWAS or MP-GWAS. Most MP-GWAS loci had an eQTL, including single nucleotide polymorphisms implicating the cell cycle gene CCND2 in pancreatic islets and brain and the insulin signaling gene IRS1 in adipose tissue, suggesting a multitissue and pleiotropic underlying mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance to prevent type 2 diabetes at the onset of depressive symptoms and the need to maintain a healthy weight in the context of its effect on depression and type 2 diabetes comorbidity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Multiphenotype GWAS Show Causality and Shared Pathophysiology Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2023

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“…Three phases of measurement invariance testing were followed, that is, configural, metric and scalar. Invariance tests are hierarchical, that is, stringent constraints are placed, in increasing fashion, on the variable parameters to ascertain if, indeed, there is measurement equivalence (Nouwen et al, 2021). The configural invariance test examined whether the bifactor structure fitted well across gender groups.…”

Section: Measurement Invariancementioning

confidence: 99%

Bifactor modelling and measurement invariance testing of the Innovative Behaviour Inventory

Sanhokwe,

Chinyamurindi,

Muzurura

2023

AJOPA

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Innovation-driven growth demands that organisations periodically assess the innovative behaviour of employees and facilitate appropriate interventions to nurture it. Human behaviour is complex. Corporate researchers rely on standard measures to appreciate employee behaviours at work. Quality tools support decision-making by detecting gaps and creating opportunities for improvement at work. One promising measure is the Innovative Behaviour Inventory (IBI). Although the IBI was developed and validated in Europe, it can still be applied in other contexts if it exhibits adequate psychometric properties and diagnostic utility. Using a probability sample drawn from Zimbabwe, the study used bifactor analysis to assess the dimensionality of the IBI measurement model. The study assessed the measurement invariance of the IBI using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. The study modelled the general factor of the IBI. Multiple tests confirmed the internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the measure. The IBI was invariant across gender groups. The IBI adds to the suite of available tools for assessing innovative work behaviour as part of a dedicated leadership excellence agenda. The IBI offers practical advantages because of its integrated, multi-faceted nature, diagnostic utility and robust psychometric properties. Periodic surveys, using the IBI, provide corporate researchers and organisational leaders with information on the quality of innovative behaviour that resides in their organisations. The IBIs invariance and ability to quantify, as summative scores, the levels of innovative behaviour enable sub-group analysis. Sub-group analytical outputs facilitate targeted interventions in the workplace.Contribution: Appreciating the quality of the IBI measurement model carries ethical and practical significance. Studies of this nature safeguard the subjects of research and promote purpose-driven corporate and scholarly work.

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“…In other words, the findings of group differences in depressive symptoms were insufficient for the confidence that the differences were due to the true nature of depression. Two recent studies evaluated the measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across people with and without diabetes ( Nouwen et al, 2021 ) and adults with and without HIV ( Mwangi et al, 2020 ). More validation is needed to determine the measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across groups with various medical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement invariance of the patient health questionnaire-9 depression scale in a nationally representative population-based sample

Lee,

Kang,

Kang

et al. 2023

Front. Psychol.

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The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is widely used to measure the severity of depressive symptoms and to screen for depressive disorder, but its measurement invariance has received little research attention. The aim of this study was to assess the measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across various sociodemographic and medical-condition groups. The structural validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9 were also assessed as the prerequisite properties for measurement invariance. This study was conducted using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The included participants comprised 5,347 people older than 19 years. Exploratory graph analysis (EGA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to determine structural validity, and the omega coefficient (ω) was used to determine internal consistency. Measurement invariance (configural, metric, and scalar invariance) was evaluated using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA). The single structural model of the PHQ-9 that was validated by EGA was also satisfactory with fit indices of χ2 = 770.765 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.944, SRMR = 0.040, and RMSEA = 0.076 (90% CI = 0.072–0.081). The ω of the PHQ-9 was 0.812, implying satisfactory internal consistency. The one-factor PHQ-9 had equivalent overall structure, factor loadings, and item intercepts across age groups, suggesting invariance across ages. Partial scalar invariance was demonstrated across sex and marital-status groups. Partial metric and scalar invariance were supported across education groups. Scalar invariance was supported among all of the medical-condition (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, asthma, and heart disease) groups. Overall, the measurement invariance of the one-factor PHQ-9 was empirically supported across sociodemographic and medical-condition groups. The PHQ-9 can be reliably used to compare the severity of depressive symptoms across these groups in research and practice.

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Measurement invariance testing of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) across people with and without diabetes mellitus from the NHANES, EMHS and UK Biobank datasets

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Multiphenotype GWAS Show Causality and Shared Pathophysiology Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Multiphenotype GWAS Show Causality and Shared Pathophysiology Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

Bifactor modelling and measurement invariance testing of the Innovative Behaviour Inventory

Measurement invariance of the patient health questionnaire-9 depression scale in a nationally representative population-based sample

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