2021
DOI: 10.1177/1073191121993558
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Measurement Invariance of the Subjective Happiness Scale Across Countries, Gender, Age, and Time

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine measurement invariance of the Subjective Happiness Scale across countries, gender, and age groups and across time by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. Altogether, 4,977 participants from nine European, American, and Australian countries were included in the study. Our results revealed that both configural and metric invariance held across countries, but scalar invariance was only partially confirmed with one item yielding varying intercepts in different countries… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(16 citation statements)
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References 60 publications
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“…Inspection of item means by group (not reported) revealed that this lack of invariance was due to older participants scoring 0.8 points higher on all Fulfilment items except for "[…] felt that I am growing positively as a person", on which older and younger participants did not differ. This is perhaps unsurprising, and consistent with recent work showing that the Subjective Happiness Scale, a similar measure, also shows only weak invariance by age (26).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…Inspection of item means by group (not reported) revealed that this lack of invariance was due to older participants scoring 0.8 points higher on all Fulfilment items except for "[…] felt that I am growing positively as a person", on which older and younger participants did not differ. This is perhaps unsurprising, and consistent with recent work showing that the Subjective Happiness Scale, a similar measure, also shows only weak invariance by age (26).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…However, the trait of proactive aggression among Iranian adolescents did not include using force to obtain money, considering the poor factor loading of Item 15 in both groups. Because it has been suggested to stop the invariance and group differences assessment in the case of metric noninvariance (Putnick & Bornstein, 2016; Zager Kocjan et al, 2021), this study did not evaluate the scalar invariance, a necessary prerequisite to compare the mean difference between groups (Putnick & Bornstein, 2016; Zager Kocjan et al, 2021). Therefore, this measure cannot be used to capture the difference in the reactive and proactive aggression scores between Iranian boys and girls.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the final step, scalar invariance examine the similarity of item intercepts across groups. The scalar invariance is considered a precondition for comparing the factor means between groups (Putnick & Bornstein, 2016; Zager Kocjan et al, 2021). In each step, the baseline model is compared with the constrained model.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Asimismo, las diferencias culturales entre los dos países de comparación revelan la necesidad de llevar a cabo estudios transculturales (Heintz et al, 2019;Kocjan et al, 2021) que, a su vez, atiendan a la variable género. Adil, A., Ishaq, G., & Khan, O.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified