Measurement invariance of intuitive cancer risk perceptions across diverse populations: The Cognitive Causation and Negative Affect in Risk scales

Baser, Raymond E.; Li, Yuelin; Brennessel, Debra; Kemeny, Margaret; Hay, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1177/1359105317693910

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Scale scores were added together and the mean taken. Higher mean scores indicated greater HBOC fear (Baser et al, 2019 ). Cancer worry measured two domains: frequency and intensity of cancer worry (Caruso et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding cancer genetic risk assessment motivations in a remote tailored risk communication and navigation intervention randomized controlled trial

Compte

Ani

et al. 2022

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

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Background: National guidelines recommend cancer genetic risk assessment (CGRA) (i.e. genetic counseling prior to genetic testing) for women at increased risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Less than one-half of eligible women obtain CGRA, leaving thousands of women and their family members without access to potentially life-saving cancer prevention interventions. Purpose: The Genetic Risk Assessment for Cancer Education and Empowerment Project (GRACE) addressed this translational gap, testing the efficacy of a tailored counseling and navigation (TCN) intervention vs. a targeted print brochure vs. usual care on CGRA intentions. Selected behavioral variables were theorized to mediate CGRA intentions. Methods: Breast and ovarian cancer survivors meeting criteria for guideline-based CGRA were recruited from three state cancer registries ( N = 654), completed a baseline survey, and were randomized. TCN and targeted print arms received the brochure; TCN also participated in a tailored, telephone-based decision coaching and navigation session grounded in the Extended Parallel Process Model and Ottawa Decision Support Framework. Participants completed a one-month assessment. Logistic regression was used to compare the rate of CGRA intentions. CGRA intentions and theorized mediator scores (continuous level variables) were calculated using mixed model analysis. Results: CGRA intentions increased for TCN (53.2%) vs. targeted print (26.7%) (OR = .129; 95% CI: 2.028, 4.827, p < .0001) and TCN vs. usual care (23.1%) (OR = .778, CI: 2.422, 5.894, p < .0001). Perceived risk ( p = 0.023) and self-efficacy ( p = 0.035) mediated CGRA intentions in TCN. Conclusions: Improvements in CGRA intentions and theorized mediators support the use of a tailored communication intervention among women at increased HBOC risk. (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03326713.) Trial registration: .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding cancer genetic risk assessment motivations in a remote tailored risk communication and navigation intervention randomized controlled trial

Compte

Ani

et al. 2022

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

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“…Negative affect in risk was assessed via 6 items (α = 0.84) assessing negative feelings generated during the risk-perception process (e.g., “Thinking about cancer makes me afraid”). Scales are distinct and have been validated, 7,8,17,18 and all items used 4-point Likert-type scales. Each mean was scaled up to a range of 0 to 100.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each mean was scaled up to a range of 0 to 100. 18 Cognitive causation and negative affect in risk data were collected twice: once at baseline and once at 3 months thereafter, although there was little to no change in these variables over time; thus, baseline variables were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Superstitious Beliefs and Risk Intuitions on Genetic Test Decisions

et al. 2021

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Introduction Moving beyond numeric representations of risk perceptions, we examine cognitive causation, or superstitious thinking, and negative affect in risk as predictors of MC1R (i.e., moderate v. high risk) skin cancer genetic testing and responses to this testing. Methods Participants ( N = 496) completed baseline assessments using validated measures of cognitive causation (beliefs that thinking about cancer risk increases cancer likelihood) and negative affect in risk (negative feelings generated during risk perception) and subsequently received a test offer. Participants could access a website to learn about and request genetic testing. Those who tested ( n = 167) completed assessments of cognitive and affective reactions 2 wk after testing, including the Impact of Events–Revised Intrusive thoughts subscale. Results Those with higher negative affect in risk were less likely to return a saliva sample for testing (odds ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval = 0.96–0.99). Those with higher cognitive causation reported more fear ( b = 0.28–0.31; P’s < 0.05). Higher negative affect in risk was associated with more emotion-laden test responses, particularly in those receiving higher-risk as compared with average-risk results. Conclusion Negative affect in risk did not hamper test information seeking, although it did inhibit the uptake of genetic testing. Those with higher cognitive causation showed more fear regarding their test result, as indicated by higher distress in those who received average-risk results and lower believability in those who received higher-risk results.

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“…Each of these scales used 4‐level response options indicating level of agreement, from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” These scales have been translated and adapted into Haitian Creole and Spanish with high comprehensibility . Scales were scored to range from 0 to 100 so as to achieve comparable relative level across scales with different numbers of items and for ease of interpretability …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Scales were scored to range from 0 to 100 so as to achieve comparable relative level across scales with different numbers of items and for ease of interpretability. 30…”

Section: Cancer Risk Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer beliefs and patient activation in a diverse, multilingual primary care sample

et al. 2016

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Objectives Greater patient activation, defined as having the knowledge, skills, and confidence to manage one’s health, is associated with cancer control behaviors. Cancer risk beliefs may be associated with patient activation, and delineating this relationship could inform cancer control interventions across diverse patient subgroups. This study examines associations between cancer risk beliefs, language preference, and patient activation within a multi-lingual urban primary care setting. Design Patients aged 18 and older within a New York City public hospital serving a large proportion of non-native born Americans were surveyed regarding their cancer risk beliefs and patient activation in Haitian Creole, Spanish, or English based on language preference during a health care visit. Results The sample (N=460) included 150 Haitian Creole speakers, 159 Spanish speakers, and 151 English speakers, and was primarily non-white (92%). Most participants (84%) had not been born in the United States. Cancer risk beliefs differed across language preference. Beliefs that cancer could be avoided by minimizing thoughts about cancer risk were significantly higher in Haitian Creole speakers compared to others; reported negative emotion when thinking about cancer risk was higher in Spanish and English versus Haitian Creole speakers. These cancer risk beliefs were positively related to patient activation, even when controlling for language preference. Conclusion Cancer risk beliefs differ across language preference, and are related to patient activation, making them potential important in cancer control. Consideration of language represents important demographic stratification for understanding the frequency and relevance of different beliefs about cancer and patient activation.

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Measurement invariance of intuitive cancer risk perceptions across diverse populations: The Cognitive Causation and Negative Affect in Risk scales

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Understanding cancer genetic risk assessment motivations in a remote tailored risk communication and navigation intervention randomized controlled trial

Understanding cancer genetic risk assessment motivations in a remote tailored risk communication and navigation intervention randomized controlled trial

Effect of Superstitious Beliefs and Risk Intuitions on Genetic Test Decisions

Cancer beliefs and patient activation in a diverse, multilingual primary care sample

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