Measurement for Breath Concentration of Hydrogen and Methane in Horses

Sasaki, Naoki; Hobo, Seiji; Yoshihara, Toyohiko

doi:10.1292/jvms.61.1059

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…However, two arguments contradict this interpretation in our view. First, CH 4 produced in the hindgut may basically also be emitted via breathing, as evidenced by studies in humans and horses -both species where CH 4 is produced in the hindgut and recovered in the breath via a face mask (McKay et al, 1985;Sasaki et al, 1999). Second, the daily CH 4 emission pattern can be irregular in ruminants also (Crompton et al, 2011;Hironaka et al, 1996;Kinsman et al, 1995).…”

Section: Effect Of Feeding Regimen and Kangaroo Species On Methane Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreasing methane yield with increasing food intake keeps daily methane emissions constant in two foregut fermenting marsupials, the western grey kangaroo and red kangaroo

Vendl

Clauss

Stewart

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Fundamental differences in methane (CH 4 ) production between macropods (kangaroos) and ruminants have been suggested and linked to differences in the composition of the forestomach microbiome. Using six western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and four red kangaroos (Macropus rufus), we measured daily absolute CH 4 production in vivo as well as CH 4 yield (CH 4 per unit of intake of dry matter, gross energy or digestible fibre) by open-circuit respirometry. Two food intake levels were tested using a chopped lucerne hay (alfalfa) diet. Body mass-specific absolute CH 4 production resembled values previously reported in wallabies and non-ruminant herbivores such as horses, and did not differ with food intake level, although there was no concomitant proportionate decrease in fibre digestibility with higher food intake. In contrast, CH 4 yield decreased with increasing intake, and was intermediate between values reported for ruminants and non-ruminant herbivores. These results correspond to those in ruminants and other non-ruminant species where increased intake (and hence a shorter digesta retention in the gut) leads to a lower CH 4 yield. We hypothesize that rather than harbouring a fundamentally different microbiome in their foregut, the microbiome of macropods is in a particular metabolic state more tuned towards growth (i.e. biomass production) rather than CH 4 production. This is due to the short digesta retention time in macropods and the known distinct 'digesta washing' in the gut of macropods, where fluids move faster than particles and hence most likely wash out microbes from the forestomach. Although our data suggest that kangaroos only produce about 27% of the body mass-specific volume of CH 4 of ruminants, it remains to be modelled with species-specific growth rates and production conditions whether or not significantly lower CH 4 amounts are emitted per kg of meat in kangaroo than in beef or mutton production.

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Section: Effect Of Feeding Regimen and Kangaroo Species On Methane Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreasing methane yield with increasing food intake keeps daily methane emissions constant in two foregut fermenting marsupials, the western grey kangaroo and red kangaroo

Vendl

Clauss

Stewart

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Results from these tests have indicated high concentrations of H 2 and CH 4 in the breath of humans with GI diseases [14]. A report has also been made on a similar technique applied to horses, which demonstrated the ease of use and reproducibility of measuring H 2 and CH 4 levels in the breath [18]. This breath technique revealed a decrease in H 2 production following administration of antimicrobial agents, which resulted in changes in b a c t e r i a l f l o ra a n d d ia r rh e a [ 19 ] .…”

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Evaluation of Techniques That Measure Hydrogen and Methane Levels in Breaths of Horses with Gastrointestinal Diseases

Sasaki

Fukunaka

Yamada

et al. 2006

JES

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“…The intervals between two successive MCs were measured and their values were represented by their means ± standard deviations. Cisapride was given within 5 to 10 min after a physiologic strong contraction (MC) appearing at the proximal jejunum at 2 weeks postoperation, when the animals had recovered from the effects of laparotomy [10]. The drug was administered at doses of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/kg in 500 ml distilled water and the control animals received the same volume of distilled water.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong contractions, that is MC, periodically occur in the mammalian small intestine, seemingly inhibiting the house-keeper and bacterial overgrowth [11,15]. The equine MC is considered to be of importance for homeostasis of the intestines [1], for fast sending of the intestinal content into the lower cecum and colon to induce effective fermentation [10]. Consequently, the induction of MC might be effective for the harmonious regulation of motility in digestive disorders with lowered and abnormal motility.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Anesthesia was maintained by aspiration of isoflurane and oxygen. According to a routine method [10], laparotomy was carried out at the median ventral wall to expose the digestive tract, and the Force Transducers were fixed on the serosal surface using 4-0 nylon string. A coaxial cable was passed through the thoracic subcutis, extracted from the withers and fixed on the body surface.…”

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The Effect of Orally Administered Cisapride on Intestinal Motility in Conscious Horses.

Sasaki

Yoshihara

2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Seven Thoroughbred horses were laparotomized and Force Transducers were fixed on the proximal jejunal and cecal serosa. After observation of the digestive tract motility in consciousness, cisapride (0 , 0.5, 0.75 or 1 mg/kg) was orally administered. In horses treated with 0.75 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg cisapride, the migrating contraction (MC) of the jejunum was significantly increased in frequency.-KEY WORDS: cisapride, equine, intestinal motility.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62(2): 211-213, 2000 Nihon Kohden Kogyo, Japan) using a strain-pressure amplifier (AP-100F; Nihon Kohden Kogyo, Japan). The intervals between two successive MCs were measured and their values were represented by their means ± standard deviations. Cisapride was given within 5 to 10 min after a physiologic strong contraction (MC) appearing at the proximal jejunum at 2 weeks postoperation, when the animals had recovered from the effects of laparotomy [10]. The drug was administered at doses of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/kg in 500 ml distilled water and the control animals received the same volume of distilled water. For investigation of the dose dependency, the frequencies of MC appearing at the proximal jejunum at 10 hr before and after administration, were measured. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated, and the significance of difference was examined by Wilcoxon test. Figure 1 shows recording traces of jejunum and cecum motility in a cisapride-treated horse. The mean duration of MC in the jejunum before drug administration was 7.9 ± 1.7 min (N=7), and the mean interval between MCs was 130.1 ± 26.0 min (N=7). In the cecum, no MC was observed.After administration of cisapride (1 mg/kg), the interval between MCs was shortened in a dose-dependent manner, with little or no change in their duration and amplitude. With the administration of 0 mg/kg, no significant increase in MC frequency was observed from 4.6 ± 1.0 times/10 hr to 5.0 ± 1.0 times/10 hr. With the administration of 0.5 mg/ kg, the frequency of MC was increased from 5.1 ± 1.0 times/10 hr to 6.6 ± 0.8 times/10 hr, although there was no significant difference between the two mean values (Fig. 2). With administration of a higher dose of 0.75 or 1.0 mg/kg, a significant increase (P<0.05) in the MC frequency was observed: from 4.3 ± 0.8 times/10 hr to 7.1 ± 0.9 times/10 hr with the former dose, and from 4.3 ± 0.9 times/10 hr to 7.4 ± 0.5 times/10 hr with the latter dose (Fig. 2). Any dose of the drug produced little or no effect on the basal contractile activity on which the MCs were superimposed (see Fig. 1). In the cecum , administration of cisapride (0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg) did not induce MCs, nor did it alter the basal contractile activity (Fig. 1).A high incidence of digestive disorders has been reported in horses with abnormal function of the digestive tract [2], and the regulation of the tract motility was of importance in the treatment. Cisapride [14] is a benzamide produced by Janssen Co., Ltd., Belgium, and it is known to induce acetylcholine release by the intermediation of a serot...

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Measurement for Breath Concentration of Hydrogen and Methane in Horses

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Decreasing methane yield with increasing food intake keeps daily methane emissions constant in two foregut fermenting marsupials, the western grey kangaroo and red kangaroo

Decreasing methane yield with increasing food intake keeps daily methane emissions constant in two foregut fermenting marsupials, the western grey kangaroo and red kangaroo

Evaluation of Techniques That Measure Hydrogen and Methane Levels in Breaths of Horses with Gastrointestinal Diseases

The Effect of Orally Administered Cisapride on Intestinal Motility in Conscious Horses.

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