Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km

Tang, Yan-Lin; Yin, Hua-Lei; Chen, Sijing; Liu, Yang; Zhang, Weijun; Jiang, Xiao; Zhang, Lu; Wang, Jian; You, Lixing; Guan, Jian-Yu; Yang, Dongxu; Wang, Zhen; Liang, H.; Zhang, Zhen; Zhou, Nan; Ma, Xiongfeng; Chen, Teng-Yun; Zhang, Qiang; Pan, Jian-Wei

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.190501

Cited by 252 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Further experiments, accounting for long-distance, high-loss field tests as well as high-visibility interference with an optically seeded laser, have also been reported [21][22][23][24]. Nevertheless, these are all limited to point-to-point configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

et al. 2016

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Quantum cryptography holds the promise to establish an information-theoretically secure global network. All field tests of metropolitan-scale quantum networks to date are based on trusted relays. The security critically relies on the accountability of the trusted relays, which will break down if the relay is dishonest or compromised. Here, we construct a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDIQKD) network in a star topology over a 200-square-kilometer metropolitan area, which is secure against untrustful relays and against all detection attacks. In the field test, our system continuously runs through one week with a secure key rate 10 times larger than previous results. Our results demonstrate that the MDIQKD network, combining the best of both worlds-security and practicality, constitutes an appealing solution to secure metropolitan communications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

et al. 2016

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“…The MDIQKD protocol has been demonstrated over 200 km [26,27,28,29] and in field test [30]. While the MDIQKD protocol enjoys the advantage of being secure against any detection loopholes, the RRDPS protocol is able to tolerate higher error rate.…”

Section: Db/kmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical round-robin differential phase-shift quantum key distribution

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) relies on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, with which legitimate users are able to estimate information leakage by monitoring the disturbance of the transmitted quantum signals. Normally, the disturbance is reflected as bit flip errors in the sifted key; thus, privacy amplification, which removes any leaked information from the key, generally depends on the bit error rate. Recently, a round-robin differential-phase-shift QKD protocol for which privacy amplification does not rely on the bit error rate [Nature 509, 475 (2014)] was proposed. The amount of leaked information can be bounded by the sender during the state-preparation stage and hence, is independent of the behaviour of the unreliable quantum channel. In our work, we apply the tagging technique to the protocol and present a tight bound on the key rate and employ a decoy-state method. The effects of background noise and misalignment are taken into account under practical conditions. Our simulation results show that the protocol can tolerate channel error rates close to 50% within a typical experiment setting. That is, there is a negligible restriction on the error rate in practice.Practical round-robin differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution 2

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“…Examples of such schemes are distribution of entangled photon pairs to end users, where local measurements are performed, 9 or conversely, where photons are sent by two users to be projected into a Bell state by an intermediate quantum node. [10][11][12] Photonic quantum repeaters 13 and relays 8 use both of these effects to teleport entangled or single qubits, respectively, in a manner that can be chained to create a fully quantum network for which theoretically proven quantum security can be preserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An entangled-LED-driven quantum relay over 1 km

et al. 2016

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Quantum cryptography allows confidential information to be communicated between two parties, with secrecy guaranteed by the laws of nature alone. However, upholding guaranteed secrecy over networks poses a further challenge, as classical receive-andresend routing nodes can only be used conditional of trust by the communicating parties, which arguably diminishes the value of the underlying quantum cryptography. Quantum relays offer a potential solution by teleporting qubits from a sender to a receiver, without demanding additional trust from end users. Here we demonstrate the operation of a quantum relay over 1 km of optical fibre, which teleports a sequence of photonic quantum bits to a receiver by utilising entangled photons emitted by a semiconductor light-emitting diode. The average relay fidelity of the link is 0.90 ± 0.03, exceeding the classical bound of 0.75 for the set of states used, and sufficiently high to allow error correction. The fundamentally low multiphoton emission statistics and the integration potential of the source present an appealing platform for future quantum networks. INTRODUCTIONQuantum key distribution 1,2 systems based on weak-coherent optical pulses have been reported that allow unique cryptographic keys to be shared between directly connected users on point-to-point 3-5 or point-to-multipoint links 6 . To establish fully quantum multipartite networks, that avoid trusting intermediate parties, 7 it is necessary to route quantum signals through a backbone of quantum nodes. 8 This can be achieved by leveraging quantum entanglement to set-up non-local correlations between measurements by end users. Examples of such schemes are distribution of entangled photon pairs to end users, where local measurements are performed, 9 or conversely, where photons are sent by two users to be projected into a Bell state by an intermediate quantum node. 10-12 Photonic quantum repeaters 13 and relays 8 use both of these effects to teleport entangled or single qubits, respectively, in a manner that can be chained to create a fully quantum network for which theoretically proven quantum security can be preserved.Here we report operation of a quantum relay over 1 km of optical fibre using entangled photons generated by a lightemitting diode to teleport photonic qubits encoded on weak coherent pulses emitted by a laser. Compared with previously reported quantum relays 14 and photonic teleportation over significant distances, 15,16 our system is directly electrically driven using a simple semiconductor device, offering a route to largescale network deployments. Teleporting weak coherent states offers potential enhancements to state-of-the art quantum key distribution systems, as it creates output photons with sub-Poissonian statistics immune to the photon number-splitting attack, 17,18 and protects against intrusions. 19

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Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km

Cited by 252 publications

References 42 publications

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

Practical round-robin differential phase-shift quantum key distribution

An entangled-LED-driven quantum relay over 1 km

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