Measurement at the field scale of soil δ13C and δ15N under improved grassland

Dixon, E. R.; Blackwell, Martin; Dhanoa, M. S.; Berryman, Z.; Martinez, N. de la Fuente; Junquera, D.; Martinez, Antoinette; Murray, P. J.; Kemp, Helen; Meier‐Augenstein, Wolfram; Duffy, A.; Bol, Roland

doi:10.1002/rcm.4345

Cited by 20 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Microbial processing of old SOC with little or no new inputs over decades under arable and fallow, compared with soil under grass that continued to receive fresh inputs with a near‐unchanged isotopic composition, probably caused the differences we observed between the treatments. Larger δ 13 C values for topsoil and subsoil under arable than under grass have been reported previously (Jenkinson et al , ; Dixon et al , ). Mean ( n = 6) δ 13 C values for grass and wheat plant material (leaf, straw and root) from Highfield were significantly different ( P = 0.008, SED = 0.289, d.f.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…= 2), with averages ( n = 6) of 1.7 and 1.0‰, respectively. The source of N in soil is multifarious and subject to a wide range of transformations that affect δ 15 N. Loss of 14 N during denitrification can increase soil δ 15 N (Dixon et al , ); the potential for compaction, increased water‐filled pore space and denitrification are greater under arable and fallow systems than under grass. Ponding has been observed on the fallow plots during wet winters, which encourages denitrification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term management changes topsoil and subsoil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a temperate agricultural system

Gregory

Dungait

Watts

et al. 2016

European J Soil Science

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SummarySoil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) contents are controlled partly by plant inputs that can be manipulated in agricultural systems. Although SOC and N pools occur mainly in the topsoil (upper 0.30 m), there are often substantial pools in the subsoil that are commonly assumed to be stable. We tested the hypothesis that contrasting long‐term management systems change the dynamics of SOC and N in the topsoil and subsoil (to 0.75 m) under temperate conditions. We used an established field experiment in the UK where control grassland was changed to arable (59 years before) and bare fallow (49 years before) systems. Losses of SOC and N were 65 and 61% under arable and 78 and 74% under fallow, respectively, in the upper 0.15 m when compared with the grass land soil, whereas at 0.3–0.6‐m depth losses under arable and fallow were 41 and 22% and 52 and 35%, respectively. The stable isotopes 13C and 15N showed the effects of different treatments. Concentrations of long‐chain n‐alkanes C27, C29 and C31 were greater in soil under grass than under arable and fallow. The dynamics of SOC and N changed in both topsoil and subsoil on a decadal time‐scale because of changes in the balance between inputs and turnover in perennial and annual systems. Isotopic and geochemical analyses suggested that fresh inputs and decomposition processes occur in the subsoil. There is a need to monitor and predict long‐term changes in soil properties in the whole soil profile if soil is to be managed sustainably.Highlights Land‐use change affects soil organic carbon and nitrogen, but usually the topsoil only is considered.Grassland cultivated to arable and fallow lost 13–78% SOC and N to 0.6 m depth within decades.Isotopic and biomarker analyses suggested changes in delivery and turnover of plant‐derived inputs.The full soil profile must be considered to assess soil quality and sustainability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term management changes topsoil and subsoil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a temperate agricultural system

Gregory

Dungait

Watts

et al. 2016

European J Soil Science

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“…[17] The long-term annual temperature and rainfall are 9.6 C and 1056 mm, respectively, with a high proportion of rainfall occurring between October and March, resulting in waterlogged soils and a large proportion of rainfall response occurring as saturation-excess overland flow (mean of 40 years). [18,19] The rainfall and annual temperature at North Wyke have been described as being typical of much of the intensively managed grassland areas in the UK. [20] Geostatistical sampling design…”

Section: Experimental Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stable isotope ratio values were in line with previous stable isotope experiments. [19] Spatial variability of soil characteristics…”

Section: General Information On Measured Soil Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding spatial variability of soil properties: a key step in establishing field‐ to farm‐scale agro‐ecosystem experiments

Peukert

Bol

Roberts

et al. 2012

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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The resulting patterns of spatial variability suggest lower spatial variability of stable isotopes than that of total nutrients, soil organic matter and bulk density. Future sampling regimes should be conducted in a grid with <85 m distance between sampling locations to sufficiently capture the spatial variability of the measured soil properties on the 'North Wyke Farm Platform'. Consultation of the management histories of the sampled field revealed that it had previously comprised two fields with contrasting management histories, suggesting an effect of management legacy (>5 years) on the patterns of spatial variability.

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“…(Amundson et al, 2003). En el caso del cacao CCN51, con fertilización inorgánica regular, el procesos de reciclaje de N entre el suelo y la atmosfera conducen a pérdidas en forma NH 3 , a través de la volatilización y desnitrif icación, resultando en el enriquecimiento de δ 15 N en el suelo (Bateman et al, 2007;Dixon et al, 2010;Koba et al, 2012). Esto indica que la fertilización inorgánica de las granjas con cacao CCN51 fue realizada con fertilizantes amoniacales.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusión Análisis Descriptivos De Las Muestrasunclassified

Variabilidad de δ13C y δ15N en suelo y hojarasca de cacao en El Oro, Ecuador

Unda

González

Romero

et al. 2019

Terra

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The cocoa provides signif icant levels of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) by the leaf litter; the change of agronomic management causes variation in the contents of these elements in the soil. The objective was to evaluate the variations of the isotopes of δ13C and δ15N between two types of cocoa (CCN51 and Nacional), located in three soil orders in the province of El Oro, Ecuador. Thirty soil samples of 0.30 m deep and 25 samples of leaf litter were taken and the abundance of the isotopes of δ13C and δ15N were analyzed. The data were analyzed including two factors, cocoa types (CCN51 and National) and order of soils (Alf isol, Entisol and Inceptisol). The results showed that the ranges of the isotope of δ13C in soil were -23.81% (CCN51, Entisol) to -26.46% (National, Entisol) and in leaf litter -27.21% (CCN51, Alf isol) to -29.86% (National, Inceptisol). The ranges of the isotope of δ15N in soil were of 7.96% (National, Entisol) and 10.48% (National, Alf isol) and in leaf litter of 4.85% (National, Entisol) to 8.38% (CCN51, Alf isol). The averages of the δ13C in the soil were plants type C3. The values of δ15N in litter and soil was an indicator of low incidence of fertilizers nitrogenous origin inorganic in National and high mineralization of N in CCN51.

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Measurement at the field scale of soil δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N under improved grassland

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Long‐term management changes topsoil and subsoil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a temperate agricultural system

Long‐term management changes topsoil and subsoil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a temperate agricultural system

Understanding spatial variability of soil properties: a key step in establishing field‐ to farm‐scale agro‐ecosystem experiments

Variabilidad de δ13C y δ15N en suelo y hojarasca de cacao en El Oro, Ecuador

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