Measurement and Prediction of Thermal Degradation of Scale Inhibitors

Wang, Wei; Kan, Amy T.; Zhang, Fangfu; Yan, Chao; Tomson, Mason B.

doi:10.2118/164047-pa

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The thermal stability of DTPMP, PPCA, and SPCA had been reported in the literature. The active fraction of DTPMP decreases 2 and 8% at 120 and 150 °C for 5 h at pH 7 . The inhibition efficiency of PPCA shows less than 5% decrease after 14 days of aging at 175 °C at pH 6 .…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of Scale Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Mechanism of Barium Sulfate Deposition Inhibition and the Prediction of Inhibitor Dosage

Shi

Wang

et al. 2019

J. Chem. Eng. Data

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scale inhibitors are widely used to prevent mineral scale deposition and precipitation in industrial processes. In this study, the performance of scale inhibitors is systematically investigated in a flow loop apparatus, designed to mimic the barite deposition in pipelines. The inhibitors are tested in tubing with and without a precovered barite scale layer. DTPMP (diethylenetriamine-pentamethylene phosphonic acid), PPCA (phosphinopoly carboxylic acid), and SPCA (sulfonated poly(carboxylic acid)) are the main inhibitors tested in this work. The heterogeneous deposition rate constants at 120 °C in a clean tubing in the presence of 0.25 ppm of DTPMP/PPCA/SPCA are 0.00, 10.3 × 10–5, and 32.1 × 10–5 cm/s, respectively. The deposition rate constants at 120 °C in a tubing fully covered with barite in the presence of 2.0 ppm of DTPMP, PPCA, or SPCA are 5.97 × 10–5, 36.8 × 10–5, and 28.0 × 10–5 cm/s, respectively. In tubing fully covered with barite, all three inhibitors require a higher concentration to reach the same level of inhibition as observed in the uncoated tubing. The experiments in fully covered tubing were conducted in a wide temperature range (50–150 °C) with various dosages of inhibitors (0.02–40 ppm). The impact of inhibitors on deposition rate constants is modeled with a Langmuir-type equation by using an adsorption equilibrium constant K eq, fractional occupancy θ, and unoccupiable fraction θ0 in the fully covered tubing. θ represents the fraction of active sites occupied by the inhibitors, and θ0 represents the fraction that cannot be occupied by the inhibitors. The adsorption isosteric enthalpies of functional groups on the inhibitor molecules are calculated from the fitted associate equilibrium constants. A kink site adsorption mechanism has been proposed as the inhibition mechanism.

show abstract

Section: Thermal Stability Of Scale Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Mechanism of Barium Sulfate Deposition Inhibition and the Prediction of Inhibitor Dosage

Shi

Wang

et al. 2019

J. Chem. Eng. Data

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Good agreements between the model predictions and the experimental data could be found [97]. Good agreements between the model predictions and the experimental data could be found [97].…”

Section: Thermal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The results may facilitate the rational selection and deployment of scale inhibitors for high-temperature oil and gas production [97].…”

Section: Thermal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Studies on the thermodynamics and kinetics of thermal degradation of scale inhibitors have been reported [97]. An efficient testing approach based on inhibition kinetics has been developed and successfully applied to determine the fraction of the active inhibitor molecules in preheated samples of scale inhibitors with various generic chemistries.…”

Section: Thermal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scale inhibitors

2015

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In certain operations in petroleum industries, such as production, stimulation, and transport, there is some risk of scale deposition. Scaling can occur when a solution becomes supersaturated, which occurs mostly if the temperature changes in the course of injection operations.Also, if two chemicals that will form a precipitate are brought together, a scale is formed, for example, if a hydrogen fluoride solution meets calcium ions. From a thermodynamic perspective, there is a stable region, a metastable region, and an unstable region, which are separated by the binodal curve and the spinodale curve, respectively.Scales may consist of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, gypsum, strontium sulfate, iron carbonate, iron oxides, iron sulfides, and magnesium salts [1]. In the literature some monographs, for example, Corrosion and Scale Handbook [2], as well as reviews [3] on scale depositions are available. Case studies have been presented for North Sea carbonate reservoirs [4, 5] and Gulf of Mexico [6]. A more recent work focuses on green systems [7]. SCALE PREDICTIONAn overview of scale prediction and control has been presented [8]. The challenges of scale prediction at high temperature, high pressure, and high total dissolved solids and an accurate model to predict pH, scale indices, density, and inhibitor needs at these conditions have been discussed and reviewed. CLASSIFICATION AND MECHANISMThe problem is basically similar to preventing scale inhibition in washing machines. Therefore similar chemicals are used to prevent scale deposition. Scale inhibition can be achieved either by adding substances that react with potential scale forming substances so that from the view of thermodynamics the stable region is reached or by adding substances that suppress crystal growth.Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids. http://dx.

show abstract

“…In oilfield operations, the most commonly adopted approach in controlling scale threat is to apply chemical scale inhibitors (Zhang P. et al, 2015;Bukuaghangin et al, 2016;Liu Y. et al, 2016). Scale inhibitors are a class of specialty chemicals, which can kinetically delay mineral scale formation and subsequent precipitation (Wang et al, 2013(Wang et al, , 2014Zhang et al, 2019c). The molecular structures of several common oilfield scale inhibitors are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Chemical Inhibition and Delivery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Synthesis and Evaluation of Inhibitor Nanomaterials for Oilfield Mineral Scale Control

Zhang

2020

Front. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oilfield flow assurance is the subject to study the impact on the flow of production fluids due to physicochemical changes in the production system. Mineral scale deposition is among the top 3 water-related flow assurance challenges in petroleum industry, particularly for offshore and shale operations. Scale deposition can lead to serious operational risks and significant financial loss. The most commonly adopted strategy in oilfield scale control is the deployment of chemical inhibitors. Although conventional chemical inhibitors are effective in inhibiting scale threat, they have the drawbacks of short transport distance and limited squeeze lifetime due to their intrinsic chemical properties. In the past decade, as an alternative to conventional chemical inhibition, research efforts have been made to prepare functional nanomaterials with different chemical compositions to overcome the drawbacks of conventional chemical inhibitors. These synthesized nanomaterials can serve as delivery vehicles to deploy inhibitors into the target location in the production system. These nanomaterials are reported to have multiple advantages over the conventional inhibitors in terms of transportability, controlled release, and functionality, evidenced by a series of experimental studies. This review presents an overview of scale inhibitor nanomaterial development and the current methods to synthesize and to evaluate these nanomaterials in a systematic and comprehensive manner. This review focuses on the chemistry principles and methodologies underlying inhibitor nanomaterial synthesis and also the chemical instrument and strategies in evaluating the physiochemical properties of these materials in terms of inhibition effectiveness, transportability, and inhibitor return. The scale inhibitor nanomaterials (SINMs) presented in this review exemplify the continuous development in our capabilities in adopting novel nanotechnology in combating actual engineering challenges in petroleum industry.

show abstract

Measurement and Prediction of Thermal Degradation of Scale Inhibitors

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

The Mechanism of Barium Sulfate Deposition Inhibition and the Prediction of Inhibitor Dosage

The Mechanism of Barium Sulfate Deposition Inhibition and the Prediction of Inhibitor Dosage

Scale inhibitors

Review of Synthesis and Evaluation of Inhibitor Nanomaterials for Oilfield Mineral Scale Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About