Measurement and modeling of liquid film thickness evolution in stratified two-phase microchannel flows

Steinbrenner, Julie E.; Hidrovo, Carlos; Wang, Fu Min; Vigneron, Sébastien; Lee, Eon Soo; Kramer, Theresa A.; Cheng, Chor Hing; Eaton, John K.; Goodson, Kenneth E.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.07.020

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The wealth of experimental and modeling work has allowed the characterization of some interesting phenomena in twophase flows for both microchannel cooling and fuel cell water management applications. Axial temperature distribution [4], stratified flow film thickness [22,24], and water slug detachment criteria [29] are among the critical parameters investigated for these applications. Figure 10 shows a comparison of the experimental and simulated temperature profiles for a single 50 µm-wide by 70 µmdeep by 20 mm-long microchannel under different input powers and a flow rate of 0.1 mL/min [4].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge of stratified flow is also important in fuel cell applications, albeit in a different fashion [22,24]. The performance of the fuel cell is not only affected by the overall pressure drop in the channel but also by the reduction in effective area for air flow resulting from the introduction of liquid water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, predicting the extent of the liquid phase in a stratified flow configuration is key in the determination of air flow rate and, consequently, cur- rent output. Figure 12 shows a comparison of the experimental and simulated stratified flow film thickness as a function of inlet air velocity for a 500 µm-wide by 45 µm-deep microchannel under a water injection rate of 100 µL/min [22,24]. The experimental data were obtained using the fluorescence technique already described.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In stratified two-phase flow, fluorescence is used to accurately determine the extent of the liquid phase [24]. Fluorescein is used to track where the water is.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Phase Microfluidics for Semiconductor Circuits and Fuel Cells (Keynote)

Hidrovo

Kramer

Wang

et al. 2005

ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels, Parts a and B

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Industrial trends are presenting major challenges and opportunities for research on two-phase flows in microchannels. Semiconductor companies are developing 3D circuits for which multilevel microfluidic cooling is important. Gas delivery microchannels are promising for PEM fuel cells in portable electronics. However, data and modeling are needed for flow regime stability, liquid entrainment/clogging, and bubble inception/departure in complex 2D and 3D geometries. This paper provides an overview of the Stanford two-phase microfluidics program, with a focus on recent experimental and theoretical progress. Microfabrication technologies are used to distribute heaters, thermometers, pressure sensors, and liquid injection ports along the flow path. Liquid PIV quantifies forces on bubbles, and fluorescence imaging detects flow shapes and liquid volume fraction. Separated flow models account for conjugate conduction, liquid injection, evaporation, and a variety of flow regimes. This work benefits strongly from interactions with semiconductor and fuel cell companies seeking validated models for product design.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In stratified two-phase flow, fluorescence is used to accurately determine the extent of the liquid phase [24]. Fluorescein is used to track where the water is.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Two-Phase Microfluidics for Semiconductor Circuits and Fuel Cells (Keynote)

Hidrovo

Kramer

Wang

et al. 2005

ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels, Parts a and B

Self Cite

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“…Steinbrenner et al 94 performed fluorescent imaging to obtain the liquid film thickness in stratified water-air flow in order to characterize flow regime parameters and transitions. Water injected into the channel was seeded with fluorescein dye at a 0.5 mmol concentration and fluorescence excitation was achieved with a broadband metal halide lamp combined with an FITC filter cube on an inverted microscope.…”

Section: Laser-induced Fluorescence Thermometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement Techniques

2013

Encyclopedia of Thermal Packaging

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Liquid film thickness of two‐phase slug flows in capillary microchannels: A review paper

2021

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Two-phase Taylor flow has received considerable attention from researchers in recent decades due to its potential use in a wide variety of industrial and medical applications. A large number of experimental, analytical, and numerical efforts have been taken by researchers to understand the fundamental characteristics of two-phase flows and the relevant transport phenomena. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the hydrodynamics, flow pattern, and liquid film thickness in two-phase flows through mini-and microchannels with different cross-sectional geometry. This paper also reviews correlations that predict liquid film thickness in microchannels for gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flows. The variations of liquid film thickness are plotted over a wide range of capillary numbers for both experimental and computational studies. This study shows that the effects of cross-sectional area on the flow patterns and flow characteristics have not been sufficiently investigated by researchers, particularly for rectangular cross-sectional areas with different aspect ratios.

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Measurement and modeling of liquid film thickness evolution in stratified two-phase microchannel flows

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Two-Phase Microfluidics for Semiconductor Circuits and Fuel Cells (Keynote)

Two-Phase Microfluidics for Semiconductor Circuits and Fuel Cells (Keynote)

Measurement Techniques

Liquid film thickness of two‐phase slug flows in capillary microchannels: A review paper

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