Measurement and modeling of bed shear stress under solitary waves

Jayakumar, S.; Guard, Paul; Baldock, Tom E.

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2011.05.012

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Smaller solitary waves were avoided to minimize frictional effects during the run-up and overtopping. Direct measurements of bed shear stress for solitary waves (Seelam et al 2011) and solitary wave run-up (Barnes et al 2009) in this same wave flume over a smooth bed and with a similar beach slope give friction factors of order f = 0.015 and f = 0.02, respectively. Frictional effects are significant at the run-up tip, where the water depth is very shallow, but less important in the body of the flow.…”

Section: (B) Wave Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overtopping of solitary waves and solitary bores on a plane beach

2012

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The overtopping of solitary waves and bores present major hazards during the initial phase of tsunami inundation and storm surges. This paper presents new laboratory data on overtopping events by both solitary waves and solitary bores. Existing empirical overtopping scaling laws are found to be deficient for these wave forms. Two distinct scaling regimes are instead identified. For solitary waves, the overtopping rates scale linearly with the deficit in run-up freeboard. The volume flux in the incident solitary wave is also an important parameter, and a weak dependence on the nonlinearity of the waves (H /d) is observed. For solitary bores, the overtopping cannot be scaled uniquely, because the fluid momentum behind the incident bore front is independent of the bore height, but it is in close agreement with recent solutions of the nonlinear shallow water equations. The maximum overtopping rate for the solitary waves is shown to be the lower bound of the overtopping rate for the solitary bores with the same deficit in freeboard. Thus, for a given run-up, the solitary bores induce greater overtopping rates than the solitary waves when the relative freeboard is small.

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Section: (B) Wave Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wavemaker motion and resulting wave forms are very repeatable, enabling the use of multiple tank positions and repeat runs of the same wave form. Example wavemaker displacement functions and resulting waveforms are given in Seelam et al (2011).…”

Section: (B) Wave Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overtopping of solitary waves and solitary bores on a plane beach

2012

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“…The shear plate method has been successfully applied to derive bed shear stress time series in the surf and swash flows O'Donoghue et al, 2010;Seelam and Baldock, 2010;Pujara and Liu, 2014). However its accuracy might be affected by misalignment in shear plate deployment, pressure gradient component and environmental vibration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first and also the most straightforward way is the direct measurements of bed shear stress by using different kinds of sensors, e.g. shear plate (Riedel and Kamphuis, 1973;Rankin and Hires, 2000;Nemoto and Nishimura, 2000;Barnes et al, 2009;Seelam and Baldock, 2010;Pujara and Liu, 2014) or hot-wire/film probes (Li, 1994;Conley and Griffin, 2004;Sumer et al, 2011). The second conventional way is the velocity profile method which is based on the log-velocity profile assumption near the bed surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bed Shear Stress Meaurements Over Rough Fixed and Mobile Sediment Beds in Swash Flows

Zhu

Baldock

2014

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Direct measurements of bed shear stress have been conducted over rough fixed and mobile sediment beds in dambreak driven swash flows. The comparison between rough fixed and mobile bed results indicated the significant importance of grain borne shear stress component, induced by increased dispersive stress and the momentum transfer by moving sediment grains to the bed. The increase of the averaged peak bed shear stress under mobile sediment beds can be up to 100% of that for fixed beds. The direct incorporation of the shear stress data into the classic MeyerPeter&Muller (1948) bed load model leads to over-estimate of bed load transport rate and reveals the fact of starved bed conditions applied in the present experiments.

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“…2014; Barnes and Baldock, 2007;Barnes et al, 2009;O'Donoghue et al, 2010), surface gravity waves (Mirfenderesk and Young, 2003) and solitary wave (Seelam et al, 2011;Pujara and Liu, 2014) experiments. The general design of the shear plate cell normally includes a thin flat plate and proximity probe (or strain gauge in Nemoto and Nishimura, 2000).…”

Section: Direct Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swash zone boundary conditions and direct bed shear stress measurements over loose sediment beds

Zhu¹

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The hydrodynamic and bed boundary conditions in the swash zone are investigated through laboratory, field and numerical experiments. The swash hydrodynamics induced by monochromatic waves were numerically investigated by using the CoulWave model. The correlation between the swash flow asymmetry parameter k and offshore wave parameters (e.g. wave height H, wave period T and Iribarren number ξ) was examined. The computed magnitude of k agrees with the results (-1, 1.5) from remote sensing field data but falls in a relatively narrow range of [0.68, 0.89]. A low correlation was observed between k and wave parameters examined in the present study.The role of the hydraulic resistance in the swash zone has been investigated by comparisons with an existing analytical solution (Shen and Meyer, 1963) and a semi-analytical swash hydrodynamics model (Guard and Baldock, 2007). The characteristic form equations incorporated with a Chézy type friction term were solved by the finite difference mid-point method. The swash hydrodynamics appear to be damped in the presence of the friction term and the resolved shoreline motions were retarded as well. However, the swash asymmetry (k) is not significantly affected by the friction term.

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Measurement and modeling of bed shear stress under solitary waves

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Overtopping of solitary waves and solitary bores on a plane beach

Overtopping of solitary waves and solitary bores on a plane beach

Bed Shear Stress Meaurements Over Rough Fixed and Mobile Sediment Beds in Swash Flows

Swash zone boundary conditions and direct bed shear stress measurements over loose sediment beds

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