Measurement and Modeling of 3D Solar Irradiance for Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic

Abstract

The energy yield of vehicle-integrated photovoltaics (VIPV) differs from that of standard photovoltaics (PV). It is mainly by the difference of the solar irradiance onto the car roof and car bodies as well as its curved shape. Both meaningful and practical modeling and measurement of solar irradiance for VIPV need to be established, rather than the extension of the current technologies. The solar irradiance is modeled by a random distribution of shading objects and car orientation with the correction of the curved surface of the PV modules. The measurement of the solar irradiance onto the car roof and car body is done using five pyranometers in five local axes on the car for one year. The measured dynamic solar irradiance onto the car body and car roof is used for validation of the solar irradiance model in the car.

The Outdoor Field Test and Energy Yield Model of the Four-Terminal on Si Tandem PV Module

“…This robust performance of the seasonal fluctuation of the solar spectrum is useful to applications to high-performance photovoltaic applications like zero-emission buildings and light-weight aerospace applications [108]. For the use in vehicle-integrated photovoltaic systems, it is also essential to consider 3D solar irradiance (modeling [109] and measurement [110]), as well as the performance of the photovoltaic unit on a curved surface (modeling [111,112] and the standard [113]).…”

The Outdoor Field Test of the 4T III-V on Si Tandem PV Module and Its Energy Yield Modeling

“…This robust performance of the seasonal fluctuation of the solar spectrum is useful to applications to highperformance photovoltaic applications like zero-emission buildings and light-weight aerospace [49]. For the application to the vehicle-integrated photovoltaic, it is also essential to consider 3D Solar Irradiance (modeling [50] and measurement [51]), as well as the performance of the photovoltaic in the curved surface (modeling [52] and the standard [53]).…”

The Outdoor Field Test and Energy Yield Model of the Four-terminal on Si Tandem PV Module

“…This robust performance of the seasonal fluctuation of the solar spectrum is useful to applications to high-performance photovoltaic applications like zero-emission buildings and light-weight aerospace [110]. For the use to the vehicle-integrated photovoltaic, it is also essential to consider 3D Solar Irradiance (modeling [111] and measurement [112]), as well as the performance of the photovoltaic in the curved surface (modeling [113] and the standard [114]).…”