Measurement and analysis of light transmission through a modified cladding optical fiber with applications to sensors

Arie, Ady; Karoubi, Reuven; Gur, Y.; Tur, Moshe

doi:10.1364/ao.25.001754

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Power transmission readings became quite sensitive near An improved version of the refractometer cell ( Figure 6) was substituted and another test was performed on a glycerol solution having a temperature coefficient of -2.5O5(1O) RI units/°C. Equation (8), can be expressed in a specific form for Si02 and oil as equation (9). The response ( Figure 7) shows Pt,, having a resolution less than 0.1°C, or 2.5(1O) RI units.…”

Section: Fiber Optic Refractometer; Operating Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 7 cm length of core section was exposed by etching with H2S04. A least squares fit to Cauchy's equation '5 n(A) = K1 + K2 K3X (9) for each sample was performed, and D°' the RI at the sodium D line and at 50°C, was calculated. The RI of Si02 was calculated at each of the laser wavelength, A,,, using equation (7); the results are shown in Table I.…”

Section: Fiber Optic Refractometer; Operating Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<title>Optical fiber refractometer for measuring the dispersion of turbid fluids</title>

1993

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Section: Fiber Optic Refractometer; Operating Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fiber Optic Refractometer; Operating Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Optical fiber refractometer for measuring the dispersion of turbid fluids</title>

1993

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“…Nevertheless, one RI measurement method which is widely exploited is the optical intensity-based refractometer [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] due to its simplicity and cost effectiveness. In such a scheme, a variation in the RI value will induce a variation in the optical power or intensity to be measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such a scheme, a variation in the RI value will induce a variation in the optical power or intensity to be measured. OFR techniques based on optical intensity modulation have been realized using tapered MMFs [9][10][11], back-reflection fiber core tips [12][13][14], dual MMF set-ups similar to the fiber bundle proximity sensor [15,16], D-shaped multimode plastic optical fibers [17,18], and stripped-cladding MMFs [19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of the stripped-cladding MMF refractometer has been reported since the 1980's [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], inspired by the dielectric rod refractometer immersed in a liquid used as the equivalent cladding [26][27][28]. Various models of stripped-2 cladding MMF refractometer have been proposed [19][20][21][22] to estimate its optical power response measured against RI variation with respect to the core index. In these early refractometers, Snell's law and Fresnel's reflection law were employed to interpret the sensor response for RIs lower than that of the core, while only Fresnel reflections were employed when the indices were higher than the core index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis and Design of a Hybrid Optical Fiber Refractometer for Large Dynamic Range Measurements

et al. 2020

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A fiber refractometer with large dynamic range from 1.316 to 1.61 RIU has been realized using a hybrid configuration of a single-mode fiber (SMF) coupled to a stripped-cladding multimode fiber (MMF) as sensing element. An extended analysis of the diffraction principle of a Gaussian beam is specifically developed for this sensor configuration to determine the injected power density into the MMF which, when subsequently combined with ray optics, analytical wave optics and Fresnel equations, enables the sensor response to be comprehensively estimated. Simulation results have been experimentally corroborated to very high agreement for a 2-cm and a 5-cm decladded section of multimode fiber used as the sensing element. The results show, for the shorter sensor (2 cm), a very high sensitivity of ~-250 a.u./RIU being achieved in the Zone II operating regime, i.e. for indices between the cladding and core indices together with a resolution of 2.76×10-6 RIU being attained. In addition, the developed models have been used to accurately predict the response of sensing elements of various lengths, hence demonstrating the potential capability of this research to be exploited for optimizing bespoke design of fiber refractometers of any arbitrary sensing lengths or dimensions. As an example, we present the design of a refractometer achieving a maximum sensitivity of 300 a.u./RIU with a potential resolution of 2.26 ×10-6 RIU.

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Optical Fiber Sensors: Working Principle, Applications, and Limitations

Elsherif

Salih

Muñoz

et al. 2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent, and cylindrical waveguide made of plastic or silica, with diameters slightly thicker than that of a human hair (Figure 1a). [1] Optical fibers deliver/guide light for long distances with low losses. Single-index optical fibers consist of a transparent core covered with a transparent cladding material of a lower refractive index. The total internal reflection allows for guiding light in the fiber core; however, based on the waveguide analysis the energy of the transferred light is not fully trapped in the fiber core but a portion of the light travels in the cladding as evanescent waves. When the incident light hits the core-clad interface at angles larger than its critical angle, the light is completely reflected and guided in the fiber. In contrast, the incident light which meets the interface at smaller angles is refracted into the cladding to be lost. The critical angle is the minimum angle required to attain the total internal reflection, which is determined by the refractive index difference between the core and cladding materials. [2] Fibers can be classified into two categories based on the number of guided modes: single-mode and multimode fibers.

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Measurement and analysis of light transmission through a modified cladding optical fiber with applications to sensors

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

<title>Optical fiber refractometer for measuring the dispersion of turbid fluids</title>

<title>Optical fiber refractometer for measuring the dispersion of turbid fluids</title>

Analysis and Design of a Hybrid Optical Fiber Refractometer for Large Dynamic Range Measurements

Optical Fiber Sensors: Working Principle, Applications, and Limitations

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