Measurement and analysis of density of molten Ni−W alloys

Fang, Liang; Xiao, Feng; Zhang, Tao; Mukai, Kusuhiro

doi:10.1007/bf02835036

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The above trend can be explained based on the state of stress in the nanobelts. Surface-stress-induced internal (compressive) stress has been shown to be inversely proportional to the lateral dimension of the nanobelts [15,[39][40][41], effectively causing the size effect observed.…”

Section: Size Dependence Of Elastic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and size dependence of the elastic properties of zinc oxide nanobelts

2005

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Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to characterize the response of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanobelts to tensile loading. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young's modulus are obtained as functions of size and growth orientation. Nanobelts in three growth orientations are generated by assembling the unit wurtzite cell along the [0001], [0110], and [2110] crystalline axes. Following the geometric construction, dynamic relaxation is carried out to yield free-standing nanobelts at 300 K. Two distinct configurations are observed in the [0001] and [0110] orientations. When the lateral dimensions are above 10 Å, nanobelts with rectangular cross-sections are seen. Below this critical size, tubular structures involving two concentric shells similar to double-walled carbon nanotubes are obtained. Quasi-static deformations of belts with [2110] and [0110] orientations consist of three stages, including initial elastic stretching, wurtzite-ZnO to graphitic-ZnO structural transformation, and cleavage fracture. On the other hand, [0001] belts do not undergo any structural transformation and fail through cleavage along (0001) planes. Calculations show that the UTS and Young's modulus of the belts are size dependent and are higher than the corresponding values for bulk ZnO. Specifically, as the lateral dimensions increase from 10 to 40 Å, decreases between 38-76% and 24-63% are observed for the UTS and Young's modulus, respectively. This effect is attributed to the size-dependent compressive stress induced by tensile surface stress in the nanobelts. [0110] and [2110] nanobelts with multi-walled tubular structures are seen to have higher values of elastic moduli (∼340 GPa) and UTS (∼36 GPa) compared to their wurtzite counterparts, echoing a similar trend in multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

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Section: Size Dependence Of Elastic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation and size dependence of the elastic properties of zinc oxide nanobelts

2005

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“…One project we participated in before had a similar situation and a three-dimensional numerical model combined with terrain was established as shown in Figure 4. Considering the pressure of the surrounding rock, some scholars have shown that when the longitudinal slope of the inclined shaft increases, the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock increases [13,14], and properly increasing the longitudinal slope of the inclined shaft can improve the stability of the surrounding rock. In highway tunnels, ensuring operational ventilation is one of the main functions of an inclined shaft, and the steep-slope inclined shaft is mostly used in design to control construction and operational ventilation costs.…”

Section: Longitudinal Slope Design Of An Inclined Shaftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Design and Construction of Inclined Shafts for Long Mountain Tunnels: A Review

Zhao,

Tu,

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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In recent years, inclined shafts have been widely used in long mountain tunnels, but the corresponding design and construction technical specifications need to be improved. By means of literature statistics and actual cases, a comprehensive and systematic review is made on the tunnel profile, lining structure, construction and operation ventilation, construction methods, and machinery of inclined shafts for long mountain tunnels. The results show that: (1) The design of a gentle slope section of an inclined shaft with large longitudinal slope needs to be further improved; (2) When an inclined shaft is only used for ventilation in the operation stage, it is necessary to make full use of the natural wind and eliminate its adverse effects; (3) It is suggested to study the supporting parameters of an inclined shaft in order to realize the standardised design of the supporting parameters; (4) The space of an inclined shaft is narrow, and it has practical demand in improving the automation, intelligence, management, and dispatching level of transport vehicles. In the future, it is an inevitable trend for electric vehicles to replace fuel vehicles. It is necessary to carry out further research on inclined shaft longitudinal slope design, construction and operation ventilation design, and transportation mode.

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“…With the advent of powerful mathematical modeling techniques for material phenomena, there is renewed interest in reliable data for the densities of the Ni-based superalloys. In present years, the densities of molten Ni-based model alloys such as Ni-(Cr, Co, W, Ta, Al) binary, ternary or quaternary alloys were measured [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . However, there are only a few of the data on the densities of molten Ni-based commercial alloys, which were measured by Mukai et al [12] with modified sessile drop method.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Density and Molar Volume of Molten Ni-Based Commercial Alloys Measured by Modified Sessile Drop Method

Xiao

Yang

Lanxiao

et al. 2009

Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

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The densities of four kinds of molten Ni-based commercial alloys were measured with a modified sessile drop method, and calculated using the calculating software. It is found that the densities of the molten Ni-based commercial alloys decrease and their molar volume increase with increasing of temperature. Compared with the ideal mixing, the molar volumes of the molten Ni-based commercial alloys show negative deviations. It can be attributed to an accommodation between various atoms in the alloys.

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Measurement and analysis of density of molten Ni−W alloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Orientation and size dependence of the elastic properties of zinc oxide nanobelts

Orientation and size dependence of the elastic properties of zinc oxide nanobelts

Research on the Design and Construction of Inclined Shafts for Long Mountain Tunnels: A Review

Density and Molar Volume of Molten Ni-Based Commercial Alloys Measured by Modified Sessile Drop Method

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