Measurement and Analysis of Broadband UVB Solar Radiation in Spain

Martínez‐Lozano, J. A.; Utrillas, M. P.; Núñez, José Ángel; Esteve, Anna R.; Gómez-Amo, José Luís; Estellés, V.; Pedrós, R.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01186.x

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Incoming UV irradiance, an important variable affecting biological organisms at the earth's surface (Diffey, ; Norval, ; Gao et al , ; McKenzie et al , ; Norval et al , ), is being routinely measured by means of global and national networks (Bigelow et al , ; Bernhard et al , ; Martínez‐Lozano et al , ). These data are very useful baseline estimates, indicating the spatial and temporal variability expected in UV erythemal irradiance (UVER) for a range of environments and geographical locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective cloud optical depth for overcast conditions determined with a UV radiometers

et al. 2014

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Using a sky camera, episodes characterized by overcast low clouds in the Valencia region of Spain have been selected for analysis. One year of cloud optical depth data have been produced by inverting UV erythemal irradiance measured with a UVB-1 radiometer from Yankee Environmental Systems using the LibRadtran radiative transfer model. Measurement uncertainties, aerosol single scattering albedo and cloud properties are, in order of decreasing importance, the most important factors influencing the accuracy of cloud optical depth retrieval when using UV erythemal radiometers. Statistics for cloud optical depth show a highly skewed frequency distribution best described by a gamma distribution with highest frequency between optical depths of 10 and 15 and optical depths exceeding 100 at the extreme high end.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective cloud optical depth for overcast conditions determined with a UV radiometers

et al. 2014

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“…Some previous studies have analyzed the experimental UVI values in several Spanish regions (see, among others, Martínez‐Lozano et al , , , ; Miguel et al , ). In some cases, the observations have been used to validate UVI forecasts from radiative transfer models (Marín et al , ; Antón et al , ) or to adapt empirical models to estimate erythemal irradiance from other atmospheric parameters (Foyo‐Moreno et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of 14 years of broadband ground‐based solar UV index observations in Barcelona

Bech

Solá

Ossó

et al. 2014

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study presents an analysis of a 14-year data set of 30-min averaged experimental UVI values derived from ground-based broadband irradiance measurements, satellite-derived total ozone observations and total solar radiation recorded in Barcelona (NE Spain). Most maximum daily UVI values do occur at noon (82% of cases between 11:30 and 13:00 UTC). Considering all seasons, the maximum daily UVI presents a bimodal, approximately symmetrical, frequency distribution with a maximum around UVI class 2 (22%) and UVI 7 and 8 classes (23%) while June median presents a value of 8.2. According to attenuation criteria there is a preponderance of Clear sky days (77%) compared to Broken (22%) and Overcast (8%) conditions, which concentrate mostly in October, November and December (reaching 20% of days). An additional classification in terms of World Health Organisation UVI intensity categories indicates that 40% of days exceeded the Lower threshold of UVI category Moderate (UVI values above 5.5), from them 21% of days had UVI values considered Very High (above 9.5) and one single case was classified as Extreme (UVI above 10.5). UVI values above 7.5 were found under Broken sky conditions in June, July and August. Additionally UVI diurnal daily cycles have also been analyzed in terms of selected percentile values and maximum levels. Under all sky conditions UVI median values exceed the lower threshold of category High (5.5) from April to late August around noon (in June from 10:00 to 14:30 UTC). These results provide an exhaustive quantitative description of average and extreme values of experimental UVI values observed in the region and can be of interest for a wide range of applications, including ground-based UV modelling through the use of radiative transfer models, trend analysis or verification of UVI forecasts.

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“…The maximum values vary between 28.3 (Santander) and 56.3 kJ m -2 (Izaña). A statistical analysis of I UVB values is detailed in Martínez-Lozano et al (2012). Furthermore, the I T measurements values have been analysed in detail in previous papers (e.g.…”

Section: Relationship Between I Uvb and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few previous papers used experimental values of UVB (Ogunjobi and Kim, ; Palancar and Toselli, ; Bilbao et al ., ; Cui et al ., ; Bilbao and de Miguel, ), with the contribution of Martínez‐Lozano et al . () standing out due to the wide temporal and spatial set of measurements used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be due to the fact that instruments used to measure UV radiation are generally designed to measure the UV erythemal radiation (I UVER ). Only few previous papers used experimental values of UVB (Ogunjobi and Kim, 2004;Palancar and Toselli, 2004;Bilbao et al, 2008;Cui et al, 2008;Bilbao and de Miguel, 2010), with the contribution of Martínez-Lozano et al (2012) standing out due to the wide temporal and spatial set of measurements used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between UVB and broadband solar radiation in Spain

Gandía

Utrillas

Gómez-Amo

et al. 2014

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The daily values of UVB irradiation (290–315 nm), IUVB, and the broadband total irradiation (300–2800 nm), IT, measured on a horizontal plane have been correlated for the period 2000–2008 at 16 measurement sites in Spain. The results have been compared with the daily experimental values registered at the same sites during the period 2009–2011. The coefficients of determination R2 obtained by applying a linear regression are higher than 0.88 for all sites and increase to 0.94 when using a quadratic regression. When all data are considered together, the values of R2 are 0.91 and 0.97 for the linear and quadratic regressions, respectively. Three different clearness indices, which are dimensionless parameters, have been also used in order to reduce the uncertainties of the estimations and to reduce the local nature of the coefficients: (1) the UVB clearness index, kTUVB = IUVB/I0UVB; (2) the modified UVB clearness index, k′TUVB and (3) the estimated UVB clearness index, k*TUVB. The results show a strong dependence on the solar zenith angle. The bi‐dimensional regression of kTUVB as a function of the solar zenith angle and the clearness index, kT, substantially improves the correlation, with R2 values higher than 0.81 for all sites. Finally, a formula relating kTUVB and kT, valid for latitudes between 36°N and 44°N, has been obtained: kTUVB = 0.064 kT – 0.0011 θz – 1.24 E‐05 ϕ + 7.6 E‐05 λ + 0.063, where θz represents the solar zenith angle (in degrees), ϕ is the latitude (in degrees) of the site and λ is the distance to the sea (in km). We have compared the experimental values for the period 2009–2011 with those estimated using this expression. For this, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.87, with a MBD of –3.4%, a RMSE of 21% and a NRMSE of 8.7%.

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Measurement and Analysis of Broadband UVB Solar Radiation in Spain

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Effective cloud optical depth for overcast conditions determined with a UV radiometers

Effective cloud optical depth for overcast conditions determined with a UV radiometers

Analysis of 14 years of broadband ground‐based solar UV index observations in Barcelona

Relationship between UVB and broadband solar radiation in Spain

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